Prabu Ponudurai

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) adalah gangguan metabolisme yang progresif kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia terutama disebabkan absolut (Type 1 DM) atau relatif (Tipe 2 DM) hormon insulin defisiensi. Perkiraan Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia bahwa lebih dari 346 juta orang di seluruh dunia menderita DM. Jumlah ini kemungkinan akan lebih dari dua kali lipat pada tahun 2030 tanpa intervensi. Kebutuhan pasien diabetes tidak hanya terbatas pada kontrol glikemik yang memadai, tetapi juga sesuai dengan mencegah komplikasi; Keterbatasan cacat dan rehabilitasi. Ada tujuh perawatan diri penting perilaku pada penderita diabetes yang memprediksi hasil makan makanan yang sehat, aktif secara fisik, pemantauan gula darah, pengobatan yang teratur, kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah yang baik, keterampilan gaya hidup sehat dan perilaku pengurangan risiko diabetes. Semua tujuh perilaku ini telah ditemukan berkorelasi positif dengan glikemik yang baik dari segi kontrol, pengurangan komplikasi dan peningkatan kualitas hidup. Individu dengan diabetes telah memainkan peranan penting pada perkembangan dan perkembangan penyakit mereka dengan berpartisipasi dalam perawatan mereka sendiri.Beberapa demografis, faktor dukungan sosial‐ekonomi dan sosial dapat dianggap sebagai kontributor positif dalam memfasilitasi aktivitas perawatan diri pada pasien diabetes, peran dokter dalam mempromosikan perawatan diri adalah penting dan harus ditekankan.

Kokeela Torayraju

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Abdullah Hamdan

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Toxoplasmosis is caused by protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. In adults, the infectionis usually asymptomatic and
without certain clinical manifestations. The active infection is most often encounterd in the newborn, who
acquired their infection in utero. Pregnant woman with toxoplasmosis may have an abortion, intra unterine fetal
death, and if the infant survives the active infection hes is likely to be handicapped by serious residual central
nervous system and ocular lesions that can cause mental retardation. Therefore,pregnant woman must be
prevented from toxoplasma infection, or cure as early as possible.

Wan Ayusfaiezan

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Dengue (dengue fever/ dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)) is disease with high morbidity and mortality among children and adults especially in tropical countries. All people can be infected especially who live in endemic areas such as in South Asia, West and East Africa. For people outside these areas, they are not excluded from
getting this disease as they can get it when they travel to endemic areas and they can even transmitted, eventhough quite rare, it to other people when they return to their countries if they are not monitored and get treatment early and properly. In order for them to be able to know when to search for help, they should know some signs, symptoms or manifestations of the disease. Not only that, they also can search for any information about any atypical or uncommon manifestations that could occur with this infection as precaution. So, this review will compiles some atypical manifestations of dengue so it can be some help for people who need it for their health, especially for their preparation before travelling to endemic areas. 

Arvinth Ganesan

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Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquito‐borne infection that causes a severe flu‐like illness. Dengue can vary from mild to severe; the more severe forms include dengue shock syndrome and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF).The main purpose of this research is to investigate and analyse the prevalence of dengue cases that has been reported in Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah, Denpasar from the month of June to November in the year of 2014. The design research used for this study is Descriptive study
of cohort retrospective. The target population is basically the population of patients in Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah, Denpasar, who has been diagnosed with dengue fever. This research is carried out using medical data of 429 patients. Total of 118 cases are reported as outpatients and 311 cases are inpatient. Based on the research, the highest percentage of case reported is in the month of June with 28.20% of total cases. The percentage is then followed by 22.14% in July, 15.62 in August, 11.89% in September, 11.42% in
October, and only 10.73% in November. Conclude can be made that prevalence of dengue fever which has been reported in RSUP Sanglah from the month of June to November 2014 has been decreasing step by step. It is hoped this study will be useful for the control of dengue cases in the future.

Mohamad Izam Zahary

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There are many tourist activities that can be promoted in rural spaces, including the active experience of nature through outdoor sports, either challenging or, rather, calm and contemplative in nature and hiking is one of the most popular forms of enjoying an active nature experience. High‐altitude illness may be divided into the acute syndromes that affect lowland or highland residents ascending to altitudes greater than those to which they are accustomed and the chronic conditions that affect individual resident at high altitude for long periods. The acute adult syndromes of high altitude are acute mountain sickness, high‐ altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) and high‐altitude cerebral oedema. Hypoxia is the main factor for the
acute high‐altitude illnesses. The incidence and severity of acute mountain sickness, HAPE and high‐altitude cerebral oedema are related to the speed of ascent and the maximum height gained.

Riskadewi Agatha

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Background: Program JKN, demanding public health centers as first‐line to provide adequate facilities. Community health center infrastructure readiness Siring I became one of the points that need to be considered to assess the readiness of health centers in the era of JKN. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the readiness of Sukawati I PHC infrastructure in implementing JKN system. Methods: This was a descriptive research studies on qualitative. This study was conducted to examine the PHC
infrastructure readiness in implementing the Sukawati I JKN. It is seen by direct observation of the infrastructure and in‐depth interviews Results: Building Health Center Sukawati I still do not meet the standard because although the building has a permanent and meet safety standards and ease of service delivery and the protection and safety of all persons, including persons with disabilities, children, and the elderly. Building clinics have not noticed the building function and comfort. This is evidenced by the presence of an improper use of the room. One common example is, immunization activities are often carried out in the employee break room while the health center already has a separate room for immunization activities. In addition to the immunization room lighting is less than the maximum. From the non‐building health center has 2 ambulances, 1 car mobile health clinics, a medical waste / non‐medical, emergency medical equipment, consumables, and sterilizer, but there is a shortage in the availability of emergency medicine and drug standards to handle 144 diseases that must be completed in PPK1 level. In addition there are constraints on the availability of laboratory equipment. From this study, it can be
concluded that a prominent factor in the implementation of infrastructure in health centers JKN Sukawati I nongedung facilities and buildings that are still not memadahi.