Introduction: The evidence of transplancental transmission of Morbus Hansen (MH) in animal models is a challenge for MH treatment in pregnancy because it brings anxiety for patients and their fetuses. 

Case: A 31-year-old pregnant woman, first trimester, came with complaints of reddish numbness rash on her hands since 2 years ago. Dermatological examination showed erythematous plaque, multiple, well-defined, irregular borders with hypoaesthesia. There were right and left ulnar nerve enlargement. Acid Fast Bacteria (AFB) from ear lobes and lesion revealed Bacterial Index +2 and Morphological Index 10%. Histopathological examination showed gren zone which indicate MH type BL. Patient was diagnosed with MH Multi Basiler (MB) on G3P2002Ab000 and given MDT MHMB. Postpartum IgM and IgG anti-PGL-1 examination of cord blood and infant blood, also PCR examination of cord blood and amnion showed negative results. Histopathological examination found no AFB on the umbilical cord and placenta. 

Conclusion: MDT is effective in preventing transplacental transmission of MH from mother to fetus.

Background: Peritonitis is a common CAPD related infection. It can cause discontinue dyalisis peritoneal and conversion to hemodyalisis.

Case description: This article reported a 54-year-old man on 5 years dialysis peritoneal with a complaint of abdominal pain since 1 week before admission. The complaint accompanied by fever and nausea. On abdominal examination there are mild distention, weak of bowel sound, pressure pain, and defans muscular. Dialisat examination found cloudy fluid, effluent white blood cell count 961 cells/mm³ composed of 85% polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Peritoneal dialysis effluent gram stain, routine culture found isolated Staphylococcus epidermidis with methicillin resistant, significant as infectious agent depend on patient’s clinical and infection’s marker. Performed a definitive antibiotic with Linezolid 600 miligram intravena and Gentamicin 40 miligram intraperitoneal during 14 days showed clinical and laboratorium improvement.

Conclusion: Peritonitis remains a major cause of technique failure in peritoneal dialysis and affects patient’s morbidity and mortality. Management should be definitive antibiotic as dialysat culture result. Catheter removal indicated if there were refractory peritonitis, relapsing peritonitis, refractory exit-site and tunnel infection, fungal peritonitis.

 

Latar belakang: Peritonitis merupakan komplikasi infeksi pada pasien CAPD yang umum terjadi. Peritonitis dapat menjadi penyebab utama penghentian dialisis peritoneal dan dikonversi ke hemodialisis.

Deskripsi kasus: Laporan kasus ini melaporkan laki-laki berusia 54 tahun yang telah menjalani CAPD selama 5 tahun mengeluh nyeri perut sejak 1 minggu yang lalu SMRS. Nyeri perut disertai dengan demam dan mual. Pemeriksaan abdomen didapatkan distensi ringan, bising usus terdengar lemah, adanya nyeri tekan, dan defans muskuler. Pemeriksaan analisis cairan dialisat didapatkan warna keruh/berawan dengan jumlah  961 sel/uL dengan dominan polymononuklear sebesar 85%. Pemeriksaan kultur/ biakan cairan peritoneum didapatkan terisolasi bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis yang bersifat Methicillin resistant, significan sebagai agen penyebab infeksi tergantung keadaan klinis dan marker infeksi pasien. Dilakukan tatalaksana terapi antibiotik definitif dengan Linezolid 600 miligram setiap 12 jam intravena dan Gentamicin 40 miligram intraperitoneal, intermiten dose saat penggantian cairan malam hari. Pemberian terapi antibiotik definitif dan intraperitoneal dilanjutkan selama 14 hari dan pada pasien didapatkan perbaikan secara klinis dan laboratorium.

Simpulan: Peritonitis merupakan penyebab utama kegagalan teknik pada dialisis peritoneal dan mempengaruhi morbiditas serta mortalitas pasien CAPD. Diagnosis peritonitis terkait CAPD sedini mungkin serta pemberian terapi yang cepat dan tepat dapat menghindarkan pasien dari komplikasi yang lebih berat dan kegagalan dialisis peritoneal.

Background: Based on WHO data, lung malignancy is the most common cause of death in patients with cancer. On the other hand, 10-20% of metastasis involves pericardium.  Pericardial effusion is associated with variety of underlying heart diseases, malignancies, infections and complications of cardiovascular procedures. However, in some cases, MPE may manifest to cardiac tamponade which cause collapse of cardiovascular system and will eventually lead to death.

Case description: We reported 51 years old male patient with chief complain of shortness of breath especially when lying down. Patient has history of the same complaints and had done pericardiocentesis in the past. Patient were now hospitalized with severe pericardium effusion post-cardiocentesis and stage IV pulmonary malignancy. Biopsy showed that the patient had squamous cell carcinoma. Two weeks after the lung biopsy, patient’s condition worsened and patient eventually passed away. Patient was planned to have paclitaxel-carboplatin chemotherapy after biopsy. Pericardium effusion is associated with cardiac metastases, which most often originate from lung malignancy. There are four mechanism of pericardial metastasis, such as direct extension, through blood vessel, lymphatic vessel and through intracavity diffusion either through cava vein or pulmonary vein. Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening complication caused by accumulation of excessive fluid which cause extracardial compression and haemodynamic instability. Therefore, pericardiocentesis is needed as an emergency and life-saving procedure.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy may increase the survival rate of patients with MPE.

 

Latar belakang: Data WHO menunjukan bahwa kanker paru merupakan penyebab kematian utama akibat keganasan dimana angka insiden keganasan yang melibatkan metastasis pada pericardium sekitar 10-20%. Efusi perikardium sering dihubungkan dengan berbagai macam penyakit seperti penyakit jantung, keganasan, infeksi dan sebagai komplikasi prosedur tindakan kardiovaskuler. Pada beberapa kasus metastasis jantung dapat bermanifestasi menjadi tamponade jantung sehingga menyebabkan kolaps sistem kardiovaskuler yang dengan cepat dapat menyebabkan kematian.

Deskripsi kasus: Kami melaporkan seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 51 tahun dengan keluhan sesak nafas terutama berbaring. Pasien sudah mengalami keluhan yang sama berulangkali dan telah dilakukan perikardiosintesis. Saat ini pasien dirawat dengan efusi perikardium berat post-kardiosentesis dengan keganasan paru stadium IV dengan hasil biopsi karsinoma sel skuamosa. Pasien mengalami perburukan dan meninggal dua minggu setelah biopsi paru. Seharusnya setelah dilakukan biopsi paru, pasien direncanakan untuk menjalani kemoterapi paclitaxel-carboplatin. Efusi pericardium sering dikaitkan dengan proses metastase jantung dimana penyebabnya paling banyak berasal dari keganasan pada paru. Penyebaran tumor ke jantung dapat melalui empat jalur yaitu secara langsung (direct extension), melalui pembuluh darah, melalui sistem limfe dan melalui difusi intrakavitas baik melalui vena kava maupun vena pulmonaris. Komplikasi yang sering terjadi adalah tamponade jantung yaitu suatu kondisi mengancam jiwa yang disebabkan oleh akumulasi cairan yang terlampau banyak sehingga menyebabkan kompresi ekstrakardial dan gangguan hemodinamik yang membahayakan sehingga diperlukan perikardiosentesis sebagai tindakan emergensi.

Kesimpulan: Pemberian kemoterapi dapat memberikan peningkatan angka kesintasan pasien.

Introduction: Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an acute reaction to the skin and mucous membranes that is characterised by damage and flaking of the skin, accompanied by pain and can cause death. Treatment with anti-TB drugs sometimes results in side effects including SJS  as one of the skin rash reaction and liver dysfunction. Steven-Johnson syndrome incidence and mortality due to anti-TB is quite rate and here we present a case with SJS and some other drugs side effect symptoms who passed away on the ninth day of treatment. 

Case description: A 53-year-old woman admitted to our emergency department with dyspnea, fatigue, erosion on oral mucosa, and erythema appears in the whole body accompanied by itch since two weeks ago, she also has yellowish sclera. She is in ongoing therapy of anti-tuberculosis drugs. History of hepatitis B, on admission there was marked elevation of leukocyte and liver function test (AST and ALT). Systemic corticosteroid was given as characterised therapy with topical steroid and antibiotics regimen for maculopapular rash.

Conclusion: SJS is an emergency requiring high attention and intensive care evaluation with administration of intravenous systemic steroids as primary immunosuppressive therapy.

Introduction: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare water and electrolyte imbalance with hypovolemic hypernatremia characteristic (1:25.000) however can be potentially fatal if not well-anticipated and managed adequately. Brain tumors, either operated or not, may lead to DI (25%). Based on anatomical location, the suprasellar tumor may cause hypophyseal hormone dysfunction. Sellar region tumors can be classified into hypophyseal (90%) and non-hypophyseal (10%). Non-hypophyseal tumors with neurological deficits are more often causing hypophyseal hormone hyposecretion including DI. Sellar tubercle meningioma is one of the sellar region non-hypophyseal tumors which is often encountered and surgically managed. Worsening symptoms may become the surgical indication e.g. headache and visual disturbance. 

Case: We are reporting two meningioma cases in Salatiga local hospital with almost similar tumor characteristics either size and frontal lobe location. Both cases were managed by similar transcranial tumor excision craniotomy. Their differences were in the presence of neurological manifestations and the degree of hypothalamic compression. One patient developed postoperative DI without thirst thus the clinical manifestation was polyuria which was closely monitored in the intensive ward. We were convinced that the DI incidence was affected by the tumor manifestation and location which can be assessed by computed tomography (CT) scans.

Conclusion: The clinicians should anticipate the possibility of post craniotomy DI thus may provide adequate monitoring and management in patients developing postoperative DI.

Introduction: Aortic dissection (AD) is the most common aortic emergency, result in a catastrophic outcome. Patients usually asymptomatic, some of them present with sudden severe, tearing or sharp back or anterior chest pain and haemodynamic disturbance. Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment determine the patient outcome.

Case Report: A case of 40 years old man complained of acute, sharp, chest pain since 4 days before admission which worsen instead of medical treatment, with a history of smoking since a few years ago. A vital sign was within normal limit. Laboratory result showed high CKMB, troponin T, LDH result. Occasional ventricular extrasystoles and inferior ischaemic was found in the ECG examination. From echocardiography, the patient suspected to have aortic dissection Stanford type A since an intimal flap on ascending aorta was found, with left ventricle hypertrophy, dilatation of right atrium and right ventricle, severe aortic regurgitation, moderate mitral regurgitation, severe tricuspid regurgitation, moderate pulmonary regurgitation and moderate pulmonary hypertension. From plain radiography, the patient showed mediastinum widening and cardiomegaly, CT angiography showed Stanford type A aortic dissection (DeBakey type I).  The patient refused to seek further treatment for operation as suggested.

Conclusion: It is still challenging to differentiate aortic dissection (AD) and another acute chest emergency. Since clinical presentation and laboratory result may be similar between those illnesses. Therefore careful history taking and further imaging examination should be considered to increase the patient outcome.

Introduction: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is rare but potentially lethal complication. AFLP characterized by microvascular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes without any inflammation or necrosis.

Case Presentation: A 37-year-old multigravida with 29 weeks period of gestation came with chief complains of acute jaundice, nausea, malaise and anorexia since 7 days ago. On examination, her eyes were icteric and her motor power was decreased on both extremities. Abdominal examination showed fetus in cephalic presentation with normal fetal heart rate. There was no opening and effacing of cervix. The ECG result showed prolonged QT interval. She had elevated liver enzyme, decreased renal function, electrolyte imbalance, hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal ultrasound was within normal limit. Patient was then assessed with differential diagnosed of AFLP, acute hepatitis and HELLP syndrome. She was treated conservatively with ferrous sulfate, high carbohydrate diet, KSR once daily, CDR once daily and Bisoprolol 1.25mg once daily.  Three months later patient delivered a healthy baby boy via caesarian section due to premature rupture of membrane.

Conclusion: Since AFLP is a medical and obstetric emergency, early recognition and prompt treatment improves both maternal and fetal survival.

Background: Annular pancreas is an infrequent congenital disorder characterized as a partial or complete pancreatic tissue around the descending part of the duodenum. Prenatal control is essential in the early detection of the annular pancreas. Initial management might increase better prognosis. We report two cases of the annular pancreas in Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali in 2016-2019 to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of different ages in annular pancreas managed by diamond-shaped duodenoduodenostomy.

Case Description: The first case was a six days old baby boy with bile stained vomiting every time he breastfed when she was three days old and got worsen. USG fetal showed polyhydramnios with duodenal or jejunal stenosis. Besides, the abdominal X-ray showed double bubble sign and the laboratory findings were in a standard limit. The second case was a nine months old girl with bile-stained vomiting when she was eight months old and got worsen along with the time. She found with severe malnutrition and mild-moderate dehydration. The laboratory examination revealed electrolyte imbalanced, and abdominal X-ray showed double bubble sign. Postoperative to first feed was 1 day in both cases and full feed duration was 5 and 10 days. Length of stay was 16 and 25 days—both of the cases without complication after surgery.

The massive spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection marks the introduction of the third highly pathogenic corona virus after SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections that have caught the world's attention. In Indonesia alone, as of 9 April 2020, 3,512 cases have been confirmed, 282 recovered, and 306 of them died. Covid-19 CFR varies in each country, and CFR increases with age, especially if the patients have comorbid disease. SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in various specimens, such as oropharyngeal, BAL, sputum, faeces, and blood, but not detected in urine. SARS-CoV-2 infects populations of various ages, but severe symptoms are not reported in children. The host immune response is the key in eradicating the virus, as well as playing a role in the uncontrolled inflammatory response or cytokine storm. This may be due to the lack of corona virus-specific T memory cells in children so that when infected with SARS- CoV-2, the immune and inflammatory response is not as severe as in adults or the elderly. The long-term immune response of COVID-19 is still a big question. There is no specific vaccine and therapy COVID-19 approved by the FDA.

Aim: The literature review this time aims to provide the general features the infection of SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion: From all of the patients who confirmed Covid-19, most of them were adults and elderly, with an increased risk of mortality in elderly with comorbidities. To reduce false negative diagnostic, specimens should be taken from different sites, such as nasal, throat, faeces, blood, and BAL. Until now, there’s no specific therapy and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

 

Infeksi SARS-CoV-2 yang penyebarannya begitu masif menandai perkenalan virus corona ketiga yang sangat patogen setelah infeksi SARS-CoV dan MERS-CoV yang menyita perhatian dunia. Di Indonesia sendiri, per tanggal 9 April 2020, 3.512 kasus telah terkonfirmasi, 282 sembuh, 306 diantaranya meninggal dunia. CFR COVID-19 bervariasi di setiap negara, dan CFR meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia, terutama  bila memiliki penyakit komorbid. SARS-CoV-2 dapat dideteksi di berbagai spesimen, seperti orofaringeal, BAL, sputum, feses, dan darah, tetapi tidak terdeteksi pada urin. SARS-CoV-2 menginfeksi populasi dari berbagai usia, tetapi gejala berat tidak dilaporkan pada anak-anak. Respon imun host merupakan kunci dalam eradikasi virus, sekaligus memegang peranan terjadinya respon inflamasi tidak terkontrol atau badai sitokin. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh sedikitnya sel T memori spesifik virus corona pada anak-anak sehingga ketika terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2, respon imunitas dan inflamasi yang terjadi tidak separah pada dewasa atau usia lanjut. Respon kekebalan jangka panjang COVID-19 saat ini masih menjadi pertanyaan besar. Belum ada vaksin dan terapi spesifik COVID-19 yang disetujui FDA.

Tujuan: Literatur ini dibuat bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran umum mengenai infeksi virus SARS-CoV-2.

Simpulan: Dari keseluruhan pasien yang terkonfirmasi Covid-19, sebagian besar adalah pasien dewasa dan usia tua, dengan resiko mortalitas semakin meningkat pada pasien usia tua yang memiliki komorbid. Untuk mengurangi hasil negatif palsu, diagnosis Covid-19 data ditegakkan dengan mengambil spesimen dari berbagai tempat, seperti nasal, faring, fees, Sarah, dan BAL. Hingga saat ini belim ada terapi dan vaksin spesifik untuk indeksi SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Nutritional problem is a problem that still faced by developed countries and developing countries. An unbalanced diet is one of the causes of nutritional problems. Several studies have shown that students have an unhealthy diet and eating habits. Several factors influences such as high academic activity, limited food choices around the campus, and choosing food at affordable prices. This study aims to determine the eating pattern, nutrition adequacy, and nutritional status of the students in the Medical Faculty of Universitas Mataram, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

Methods: This descriptive-analytical study involving students of the Medical Faculty of Universitas Mataram who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria as subjects. Subjects were obtained using a consecutive sampling method. Measurement of dietary and nutritional adequacy using a 24-hours food recall questionnaire and NutriSurvey software, and calculation of nutritional status based on body mass index (BMI).

Results: A total of 88 students were included in this study. Students with proper and improper diet pattern were 38 (43.18%) and 50 (56.82%). Students with sufficient nutrition were 42 (47.73%), and 46 (52.27%) were lack of adequate nutrition. Based on the nutritional status, 18 (20.45%) were underweight, 58 (65.91%) were normal, 8 (9.09 %) were overweight, and 4 (4.54%) were obesity.

Conclusion: Most students have improper eating patterns, lack of adequate nutrition, and normal nutritional status.

 

Latar belakang: Masalah gizi berupa kekurangan dan kelebihan gizi masih menjadi masalah baik di negara berkembang maupun negara maju. Masalah gizi ini dapat disebabkan adanya pola makan yang tidak seimbang. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa memiliki pola makan dan kebiasaan makan yang tidak sehat, karena pengaruh beberapa faktor seperti kesibukan akademik, pilihan makanan yang terbatas di sekitar kampus, dan memilih makanan dengan harga yang terjangkau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pola makan, kecukupan gizi, dan status gizi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan desain potong-lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mataram yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subjek penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Pada subjek dilakukan analisis pola makan dan kecukupan gizi menggunakan kuisioner 24-hour  food recall  dan software NutriSurvey, serta perhitungan status gizi  berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT).

Hasil: Sebanyak 88 mahasiswa diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat 38 mahasiswa (43,18%) dengan pola makan yang benar dan 50 mahasiswa (56,82%) dengan pola makan yang salah. Terdapat 42 mahasiswa (47,73%) cukup gizi dan 46 mahasiwa (52.27%) berada pada angka kecukupan gizi kurang. Untuk status gizi, 18 mahasiswa (20,45%) dengan status gizi kurang, 58 mahasiswa (65,91%) dengan status gizi normal, 8 mahasiswa (9,09%) dengan status gizi berat badan lebih, dan 4 mahasiswa (4,54%) dengan status gizi obesitas.

Simpulan: Pola makan mahasiswa sebagian besar masih kurang tepat, angka kecukupan gizi sebagian besar kurang. Sebagian besar mahasiswa mempunyai status gizi normal.

Background: Trauma is now the most frequent cause of death in the first four decades of life and is still a major public health problem in every country. Trauma that occurs often involves several regions of the body. This condition is called multiple trauma. In multiple trauma, coagulopathy often occurs. In the last four decades it was mentioned that in multiple trauma conditions also occur acidosis and coagulopathy which will also increase the mortality of multiple trauma patients with multiple trauma, serum lactate is superior to base deficit. The purpose of this study is to obtain the correlation of each prothrombin time (PT) value, activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT) value and international normalized ratio (INR) value with serum lactate levels as indicators of mortality in multiple trauma cases.

Methods: This study was an observational study with an analytic cross-sectional design to determine the correlation between physiological parameters of hemostasis and serum lactate in multiple trauma patients.

Results: From the 60 samples studied there were 43 male patients (71.7%) and 17 female patients (28.3%) with an average age of 37 ± 19.61 years. 7 (11.7%) cases died. Logistic regression test with each conducted on the APPT and INR variables and lactate levels obtained aPTT was the most influential risk factor for mortality with a p-value of 0.005 <0.05 OR 0.023 (CI 95%: 0.002-0.332)

Conclusion: Serum lactate levels and physiological hemostasis are not only indicators that explain a patient in a state of shock, but can also be used as an indicator in determining morbidity and mortality in multiple trauma patients.

Latar belakang : Trauma saat ini merupakan penyebab kematian paling sering dalam empat dekade pertama kehidupan dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di setiap negara. Trauma yang terjadi seringkali melibatkan beberapa regio tubuh. Kondisi ini disebut dengan multipel trauma. Pada multipel trauma, sering terjadi koagulopati.  Pada empat decade terakhir disebutkan bahwa pada multipel trauma juga terjadi keadaan asidosis serta koagulopati yang juga akan meningkatkan mortalitas pasien multipel trauma multipel trauma, serum laktat lebih superior dibanding defisit basa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkan korelasi masing – masing nilai prothrombin time (PT), nilai activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT) dan nilai international normalized ratio (INR) dengan kadar serum laktat sebagai indikator mortalitas pada kasus multipel trauma.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang analitik untuk mengetahui korelasi antara parameter faal hemostasis dan serum laktat pada pasien multiple trauma.

Hasil: Dari 60 sampel yang diteliti dijumpai penderita laki-laki sebanyak 43 orang (71,7 %) dan perempuan 17 orang (28,3 %) dengan rata-rata usia 37 ± 19,61 tahun. Penderita yang meninggal sebanyak 7 (11,7%)  kasus. Uji regresi logistik dengan masing masing dilakukan pada variabel APPT dan INR serta kadar laktat didapatkan aPTT merupakan faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya mortalitas dengan p-value 0,005 < 0,05 OR 0,023 (IK: 0,002-0,322)

Simpulan: Kadar serum laktat dan faal hemostasis tidak hanya sebagai indikator yang menerangkan pasien dalam keadaan syok, tapi juga dapat digunakan sebagai indikator dalam menentukan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien multipel trauma.

Background: Surgical wound infection (SWI) is one of the three most common hospital-acquired infections, with an average of 14-16% and which is the most common infection in postoperative patients. This study aims to look for factors associated with post-operative wound infection in the appendectomy procedure at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar.

Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design, which was carried out at the Medical Record Installation Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia during the January 2017 to September 2018. Data analysis used chi-square tests, relative risk calculations, and logistic regression.

Results: This study used 108 respondents, and there were 17 people who experienced SWI, the final analysis using logistic regression showed a diagnosis of perforated appendicitis (RR: 9.57; 95% CI: 2.09-43.64; p = 0.004) and operator guidance resident (RR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.49-22.3; p = 0.011) is a risk factor for the occurrence of the SWI.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of perforated appendicitis is the most important factor in the occurrence of surgical wound infection after appendectomy.

 

Latar Belakang: Infeksi luka operasi (ILO) merupakan salah satu dari tiga infeksi tersering yang didapat di rumah sakit, dengan rata-rata mencapai 14-16% dan yang merupakan infeksi yang paling sering terjadi pada pasien pasca operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan infeksi luka operasi pasca prosedur appendectomy di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kohort retrospektif, yang dilakukan di Instalasi Rekam Medis RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia selama periode Januari 2017 hingga September 2018. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square, perhitungan risiko relatif, dan regresi logistik.

Hasil: Penelitian ini menggunakan 108 responden, dan terdapat 17 orang yang mengalami ILO, analisis akhir menggunakan regresi logistik menunjukkan diagnosis appendisitis perforasi (RR: 9,57; IK 95%: 2,09-43,64; p=0,004) dan operator residen bimbingan (RR: 1,75; IK 95%: 1,49-22,3; p=0,011) merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya ILO.

Simpulan: Diagnosis appendisitis perforasi merupakan faktor yang paling berperan terhadap terjadinya infeksi luka operasi pasca appendectomy.

Background: Venereal disease (syphilis) has long been known in Indonesia. However, the clinical manifestations of syphilis differ according to the stage in which they affect the treatment plan. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of latent, secondary and primary syphilis in sexually transmitted infections (STI) patients in the Skin and Venereal Polyclinic of Mangusada Regional Hospital, Badung.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on secondary data from the medical records of Syphilis patients at the Mangusada Badung Hospital & Gynecology Clinic in January 2017-December 2018 using a total sampling technique. Syphilis prevalence in patients mainly from gender and clinical manifestations of syphilis are noted in this study. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively with SPSS software version 20 for Windows.

Results: Total visits of cases of sexually transmitted infections (STI) were recorded as many as 332 people where syphilis cases were obtained by 35 cases (10.54%) with the proportion of new cases in syphilis patients by 28 cases (80.0%). Advanced stage syphilis was acquired in 32 cases (91.42%) followed by secondary stage (S-II) in 3 cases (8.58%) and there were no cases of manifestation of primary stage syphilis (0.00%). Based on sex, syphilis sufferers are dominated by women with 22 people (62.85 %%) while male gender is 13 people (37.15%).

Conclusion: Most of the new syphilis cases in Mangusada Regional Hospital, Badung were found at patient visits with STIs, had advanced stage manifestations, and were dominated by female sex.

 

Latar Belakang: Penyakit kelamin (veneral disease) seperti sifilis sudah lama di kenal di Indonesia. Akan tetapi, manifestasi klinik penyakit sifilis berbeda sesuai dengan tahapannya dimana berdampak pada rencana pengobatan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu gambaran prevalensi sifilis laten, sekunder, dan primer pada pasien Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Mangusada, Badung.

Metode: Penelitian observasional potong lintang dilakukan terhadap data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien Sifilis di Poliklinik Kulit & Kelamin RSD Mangusada Badung pada Januari 2017-Desember 2018 dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Prevalensi Sifilis pada pasien terutama dari jenis kelamin dan manifestasi klinis sifilis dicatat pada peneltian ini. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan piranti lunak SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Total kunjungan kasus infeksi menular seksual (IMS) tercatat sebanyak 332 orang dimana kasus sifilis diperoleh sebesar 35 kasus (10,54%) dengan proporsi kasus baru pada penderita sifilis sebesar 28 kasus (80,0%). Sifilis stadium lanjut diperoleh sebanyak 32 kasus (91,42%) diikuti dengan stadium sekunder (S-II) sebanyak 3 kasus (8,58%) dan tidak terdapat kasus manifestasi sifilis stadium primer (0,00%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penderita sifilis didominasi oleh perempuan dengan jumlah 22 orang (62,85%%) sedangkan jenis kelamin pria berjumlah 13 orang (37,15%).

Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar kasus baru sifilis di RSUD Mangusada, Badung ditemukan pada kunjungan pasien dengan IMS, memiliki manifestasi stadium lanjut, dan didominasi oleh jenis kelamin perempuan.

Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a chronic decrease and gradual progression in kidney function. One of the complications of CRF can cause hypoalbuminemia. Hemodialysis can also cause hypoalbuminemia associated with inflammation and malnutrition due to loss of protein during dialysis. This study aims to analyze the albumin levels in pre and post hemodialysis CRF patients in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar.

Methods: A retrospective study with cross sectional study design using secondary data obtained from the medical record was conducted among 50 patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. Pre and post hemodialysis serum albumin levels of CRF patients from the Medical Record Installation were collected during September 2017 – 2018 period. Variables assessed in this study were gender, age, albumin levels, and the comparison of albumin levels based on gender. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 for Windows.

Results: There were 52.0% male and 48.0% of female patients in this study. Most of the respondents were age 40-49 years old interval (30.0%). There was no significant difference in albumin levels between pre (3.07±0.63 g/dL) and post (3.05±0.54 g/dL) HD patients (p=0.665). Also, There was no significant difference in albumin levels in pre and post HD patients between male (p=0.434) and female (p=0.778).

Conclusion: There were no significant differences between serum albumin levels pre and post hemodialysis in patients with CRF as well as based on gender.

Background: Glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) which can be assessed by examination of fasting blood sugar (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is thought to be associated with renal complications. Several markers can be used to assess the rate of damage to early kidney function, such as serum creatinine, urine creatinine albumin ratio (uACR), and serum cystatin C. The relationship of glycemic control with early kidney disorder markers in type 2 DM patients still shows controversial results.. The aim of the study to investigate the relationship between glycemic control (FBG and HbA1c) with early kidney disorder markers (serum creatinine, uACR, and cystatin C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Analytic observational study with cross sectional approach conducted in April - June 2019 involved 34 type 2 DM patients in Karang Ayu Health Center who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of GDP levels using the hexokinase method, HbA1c levels using the HPLC method, serum creatinine using the Jaffe method, uACR is calculated based on the ratio between urine albumin and creatinine, and cystatin C levels using the ELISA method. Statistical tests using Spearman's non-parametric correlation with p <0.05 were considered significant.

Results: The mean ± SD FBG and HbA1c levels were 130.41 ± 39.37 mg/ \dL and 8.21 ± 1.65%. Median (minimum-maximum) serum creatinine levels, uACR and serum cystatin C were 0.63 (0.35-2.79) mg/dL, 16.55 (4.1-29.8) mg/g and 0.72 (0.46 - 1.22) mg/L. The correlation of FBG levels with serum creatinine, uACR, and serum cystatin C were (r = 0.016; p = 0.927), (r = 0.293; p = 0.092), and (r = 0.334; p = 0.053). The relationship of HbA1c with serum creatinine, uACR, and cystatin C was (r = 0.120; p = 0.495), (r = 0.326; p = 0.059); and (r = 0.505; p = 0.002).

Conclusions: There is no relationship between FBG with serum creatinine, uACR, and cystatin C. The HbA1c value is positively related to cystatin C but not related to serum creatinine and uACR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

 

Latar belakang: Kontrol glikemik pada diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DM) yang dapat dinilai dengan pemeriksaan gula darah puasa (GDP) dan hemoglobin terglikosilasi (HbA1c) diduga berhubungan dengan komplikasi nefropati. Beberapa petanda dapat digunakan untuk menilai menilai kerusakan fungsi ginjal dini, misalnya kreatinin serum, rasio albumin kreatinin urin (uACR), dan cystatin C serum. Hubungan kontrol glikemik dengan petanda gangguan ginjal dini pada pasien DM tipe 2 masih menunjukkan hasil yang kontroversial. Mengetahui hubungan antara kontrol glikemik (GDP dan HbA1c) dengan petanda gangguan ginjal dini (Kreatinin serum, uACR, dan cystatin C) pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan belah lintang dilakukan pada bulan April - Juni 2019 melibatkan 34 pasien DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Karang Ayu yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pemeriksaan kadar GDP menggunakan metode heksokinase, kadar HbA1c menggunakan metode HPLC, kreatinin serum menggunakan metode Jaffe, uACR dihitung berdasarkan rasio antara albumin dan kreatinin urin, dan kadar Cystatin C menggunakan metode ELISA. Uji statistik menggunakan korelasi non parametrik Spearman dengan p < 0,05 dianggap signifikan. 

Hasil: Rerata±SD kadar GDP dan HbA1c adalah 130,41±39,37 mg/dL dan 8,21±1,65%. Median (minimum-maksimum) kadar kreatinin serum, uACR dan cystatin C serum berturut-turut adalah 0,63(0,35-2,79) mg/dL, 16,55(4,1-29,8) mg/g, dan 0,72(0,46 – 1,22) mg/L. Korelasi kadar GDP dengan kreatinin serum, uACR, dan cystatin C serum adalah (r=0,016; p=0,927), (r=0,293; p=0,092), dan (r=0,334; p=0,053). Hubungan HbA1c dengan kreatinin serum, uACR, dan cystatin C adalah (r=0,120; p=0,495), (r=0,326; p= 0,059); dan (r = 0,505; p = 0,002).

Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara GDP dengan kreatinin serum, uACR, dan cystatin C. Nilai HbA1c berhubungan positif sedang dengan cystatin C namun tidak berhubungan dengan kreatinin serum dan uACR pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Background: External Otitis (OE) is one of the most common cases in ENT. There are an estimated 8.1 visits with an OE diagnosis per 1,000 annually. The low understanding of the community about OE caused the cases to become frequent. This study aims to increase public understanding of OE by knowing the characteristics of OE in Sanglah Hospital.

Methods: A study with descriptive cross sectional method. Samples were taken from Sanglah Hospital's medical record data on period 2015-2016 with total sampling method.

Results: A total of 84 samples were successfully analyzed, and found: OE was most common in the 15-49 years age group (55.9%). Gender dominating is female (52.4%). The most clinical symptoms of OE patients were ear pain (67.9%), followed by ear discharge (55.9%), ear that felt full (22.6%), itchiness (20.2%), ringing (21.4%), hearing loss (15.5%), and accompanied (4.8%). The most frequent cause of OE is due to trauma (58.3%), followed by fungi or bacterial infection (20.3%), combined causes (11.9%), and the least caused by systemic disease (9.5%).

Conclusions: The OE case at Sanglah Hospital is most commonly found in the female population, age group 15-49 years, with the most common symptom of earache and caused by mechanical trauma.

 

Latar Belakang: Otitis Eksternal (OE) merupakan salah satu kasus yang sering ditemukan dalam bidang THT. Diperkirakan terdapat 8.1 kunjungan dengan diagnosis OE per 1.000 per tahunnya. Rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai OE menyebabkan kasus ini menjadi sering terjadi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai OE dengan mengetahui gambaran kejadian OE di RSUP Sanglah.

Metode: Sebuah studi dengan metode deskriptif potong lintang. Sampel diambil dari data rekam medis RSUP Sanglah pada periode 2015-2016 dengan metode total sampling .

Hasil: Sebanyak 84 sampel berhasil di analisis, dan ditemukan: OE paling sering terjadi pada kelompok umur 15-49 tahun, (55,9%). Jenis kelamin yang mendominasi adalah perempuan (52,4%). Gejala klinis penderita OE terbanyak adalah nyeri telinga (67,9%), diikuti berair atau keluar cairan dari telinga (55,9%), terasa penuh (22,6%), rasa gatal (20,2%), berdenging (21,4%), gangguan pendengaran (15,5%), dan yang disertai (4,8%). Penyebab OE terbanyak adalah karena trauma (58,3%), diikuti karena jamur atau bakteri (20,3%), penyebab gabungan (11,9%), dan paling sedikit disebabkan oleh penyakit sistemis (9,5%).

Simpulan: Kasus OE di RSUP Sanglah paling sering ditemui pada populasi wanita, kelompok umur 15-49 tahun, dengan gejala tersering berupa nyeri telinga dan disebabkan oleh trauma mekanis.  

Introduction: Keloid is a skin lesion due to overproduction of collagen and fibroblasts. Has predilection on high tension skin and there are various modalities in handling them. The purpose of this case report is to provide a perspective of auricular keloids treated by a combination of intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection with tumescent anaesthesia.

Case: A 28-year-old woman who has a history of small nodules on the right ear that is getting bigger and bigger. Dermatological status shows the right auricular helix region obtained nodules brown, solitary, oval shape, size 5x7 cm, firm boundaries, regular edges, smooth surface and shiny. In palpation hard and fixed fixation is found. Patients were treated with a combination of intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection with tumesent anaesthesia. Corticosteroid injection used was triamcinolone acetonide as much as 0.4 cc intra-lesion on the 3rd day. Control on the 7th day the patient was in good condition and did not appear to have any complications with the condition of the post-surgical wound being treated.

Conclusion: Management of auricular keloids by intralesional excision and corticosteroid injection after three days post-surgery provides the satisfactory clinical outcome of keloids.

 

Pendahuluan: Keloid merupakan suatu lesi kulit oleh karena produksi berlebihan dari kolagen dan fibroblast. Memiliki predileksi pada kuit yang memiliki tegangan tinggi dan terdapat berbagai modalitas dalam penanganannya. Tujuan dari laporan kasus ini adalah memberikan perspektif keloid aurikularis yang diterapi kombinasi eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid dengan anestesi tumesen.

Kasus: Seorang perempuan berusia 28 tahun yang memiliki riwayat bintil kecil pada telinga kanan yang makin lama makin membesar. Status dermatologis menunjukkan regio helix aurikularis dekstra didapatkan nodul berwarna kecokelatan, soliter, bentuk oval, ukuran 5x7 cm, batas tegas, tepi regular, permukaan halus dan mengkilat. Pada palpasi didapatkan kosistensi keras dan terfiksir. Pasien di berikan tatalaksana kombinasi eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid dengan anestesi tumesen. Injeksi kortikosteroid yang digunakan adalah triamcinolone acetonid sebanyak 0,4 cc intra lesi pada hari ke-3. Kontrol pada hari ke-7 pasien dengan kondisi baik dan tidak tampak suatu komplikasi apapun dengan kondisi luka paska bedah yang terawatt.

Simpulan: Penanganan keloid aurikularis dengan teknik eksisi intralesi dan injeksi kortikosteroid tiga hari paska bedah memberikan luaran klinis keloid yang memuaskan.

Background: The development of the garment industry in Bali is increasing as a tourism supporting industry. As a consequence the number of garment and textile companies is growing in quantity and quality. According to data in the Denpasar City, there were around 125 large garment companies employing at least 100 workers. A small garment company as a home industry is almost five hundred. The impact of the development of the garment industry requires a lot of human resources by recruiting, opening jobs both for trained and untrained workers, most of whom are casual workers, without getting attention in terms of health. This research was conducted to collect data about the pattern of skin lesions (work-related contact dermatitis) in garment workers in Denpasar City because they do not have complete and accurate data.

Methods: The method used in this study was a survey on three large garment companies in Denpasar with interviews and examinations of their skin disease patterns.

Results: Total 288 workers included in this study consisted of 105 (36.5%) men and 183 (63.5%) women. From 288 respondents, 74 workers (25.7%) suffer from skin disorders related to their work. The occupational category that suffered the most was colouring workers of 30 people.

Conclusion: The pattern of skin disease in garment workers by 25.7% suffering from DKAK. Disease categories are often workers who come into contact with colour materials.

 

Latar Belakang: Perkembangan industri garment di Bali semakin meningkat sebagai salah satu industri penunjang pariwisata. Sebagai konsekuensi jumlah perusahan garmen dan tekstil semakin banyak secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Menurut data di kodya Denpasar, tercatat sekitar 125 perusahan garmen yang besar dengan memperkerjakan sedikitnya 100 orang pekerja. Perusahan garmen yang kecil sebagai industri rumah tangga hampir sebanyak lima rastusan. Dampak dari perkembangan industri garment membutuhkan banyak tenaga kerja dengan merekrut, membuka lapangan pekerjaan baik itu untuk pekerja yang terlatih maupun yang tidak terlatih, kebanyakan merupakan pekerja lepas, tanpa mendapat perhatian dari segi kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang pola kelainaan kulit pada(DKAK) pekerja garment  di Kodya Denpasar, karena belum memiliki data yang lengkap dan akurat.

Metode: Metode yang digunakan pda penelitian ini adalah survelanse, pada 3 perusahan garment yang besar di Denpasar dengan wawancara dan pemeriksaan terhadap pola penyakit kulitnya.

Hasil: Dari 288 pekerja yang di ikut sertakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 105 (36,5%) laki-laki dan 183 (63,5%) perempuan. Dari 288 responden, sebanyak 74 pekerja (25,7%) yang menderita kelainan kulit yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaannya. Katagori pekerjaan yang paling banyak menderita adalah pada pekerja pencelupan (coloring) sebesar 30 orang.

Simpulan: Pola penyakit kulit pada pekerja garment sebesar 25,7% menderita DKAK. Katagori penyakit sering adalah pekerja yang berhubungan kontak dengan bahan warna.

Background: Hospitals implement clinical pathways in an effort to improve the quality of health services, especially the quality of nursing care. This study aims to determine whether the quality of nursing care after the application of the clinical pathway is better than the quality of nursing care prior to the clinical pathway application.

Methods: This study used 180 inpatient medical records in January 2017-May 2019 with five priority medical diagnoses namely cerebral concussion and epidural hematoma (conservative therapy), conservative treatment of preterm premature rupture of membranes, ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) , atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, premature ventricular contractions (PVC), ventricular tachycardia (VT), junctional tachycardia and intracerebral haemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke) as well as post-Lapastomy frozen section in the selected cystic ovary with a selective curative cyst . The variables studied were the application of clinical pathway, quality of nursing care, quality of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation of nursing. Data were analyzed with the Pearson Chi-Square Test on SPSS version 17 for Windows.

Results: The quality of good nursing care before and after the application of clinical pathway was 15.2% versus 50.9% (p = 0.00); good quality of nursing assessment before and after clinical pathway application of 6.7% versus 64.9% (p = 0.00); good quality of diagnosis before and after clinical pathway application of 72.7% versus 73.7% (p = 0.889); the quality of the nursing plan which consisted of good quality of goal formulation before and after the application of clinical pathway was 75.8% versus 73.7% (p = 0.759); good quality determination of interventions before and after clinical pathway application of 75.8% versus 79.8% (p = 0.523), good quality of implementation before and after clinical pathway application of 100% versus 100% and good quality of nursing evaluation before and after the application of clinical pathway is 100% versus 100%.

Conclusion: The quality of nursing care and nursing assessment after the implementation of clinical pathway is significantly better than before the implementation of clinical pathway, while no significant difference was found in the quality of diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation of nursing.

 

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit menerapkan clinical pathway dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan khususnya mutu asuhan keperawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah mutu asuhan keperawatan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway lebih baik daripada mutu asuhan keperawatan sebelum penerapan clinical pathway

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 180 rekam medis pasien rawat inap pada bulan Januari 2017-Mei 2019 dengan lima diagnosis medis prioritas yaitu cerebral concussion dan epidural hematoma (terapi konservatif), penanganan konservatif ketuban pecah dini preterm, ablasi pada  atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT), atrial takikardi, atrial fibrilasi, premature ventricular contractions (PVC), ventricular tachycardia (VT), junctional takikardi dan intracerebral haemorrhage (stroke hemoragik) serta post laparatomi frozen section pada kista ovarii curiga ganasyang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti adalah penerapan clinical pathway, mutu asuhan keperawatan, mutu pengkajian, penegakan diagnosis, rencana, implementasi dan evaluasi keperawatan. Data dianalisis dengan Uji Pearson Chi-Square pada SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Mutu asuhan keperawatan yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 15,2% versus 50,9% (p=0,00); mutu pengkajian keperawatan yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 6,7% versus 64,9% (p=0,00); mutu penegakan diagnosis yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 72,7% versus 73,7% (p=0,889);  mutu rencana keperawatan yang terdiri mutu  perumusan tujuan yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 75,8% versus 73,7% (p=0,759); mutu penentuan intervensi yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 75,8% versus 79,8% (p=0.523), mutu implementasi yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 100% versus 100% dan mutu evaluasi keperawatan yang baik sebelum dan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebesar 100% versus 100%.

Simpulan: Mutu asuhan keperawatan dan pengkajian keperawatan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway secara signifikan lebih baik daripada sebelum penerapan clinical pathway, sedangkan mutu penegakan diagnosis, rencana, implementasi dan evaluasi keperawatan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.

Background: Frailty is characterized by a decrease in multi-organ physiological functions. Sarcopenia and frailty have a significant impact on individuals and society so it is necessary to know the prevalence in the community. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty in rural areas

Method: The was a cross-sectional study in the elderly population in the villages of Pedawa, Mangupura, Serai and Songan. Measurement of muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and categorized based on the recommendation of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Frailty is established through a screening questionnaire based on the Cardiovascular Health Study. The study was chosen by simple random sampling and population register data.

Results: The study involved 235 elderly people with 117 people in Pedawe village, 71 people in Mangupura village, 34 people in Serai village and 13 people in Songan village with a composition of 35.5% men and 64.5% women. In this study sarcopenia in women was 51% and men 49%, while frailty was experienced in 58.9% women and 41.02% men. The mean age is 67.7 years. The prevalence of total sarcopenia is 59% with the lowest percentage ranging from the villages of Mangupura (30%), Songan (53.8%), Pedawe (70.9%), and Serai (79.4%). The overall frailty prevalence in the four villages is 17% with the percentage starting from the lowest being Mangupura (1.4%), Serai (5.9%), Songan (22.2%) and Pedawe (29.1%).

Conclusions: The prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty is most common among elderly women. The highest prevalence of sarcopenia was found in Serai village and frailty prevalence was highest in Pedawe village.

 

Latar Belakang: Frailty ditandai dengan adanya penurunan fungsi fisiologis multi organ. Sarkopenia dan frailty memberikan dampak yang bermakna bagi individu dan bagi masyarakat sehingga perlu untuk mengetahui prevalensinya di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi sarkopenia dan frailty di daerah pedesaan

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang pada populasi lansia di desa Pedawa, Mangupura, Serai dan Songan. Pengukuran massa otot menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) dan dikategorikan berdasarkan rekomendasi Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Frailty ditegakkan melalui kuesioner skrining berdasarkan Cardiovascular Health Study. Penelitian dipilih dengan cara simple random sampling dan data register penduduk.

Hasil: Penelitian melibatkan 235 orang lanjut usia dengan jumlah 117 orang di desa Pedawe, 71 orang di desa Mangupura, 34 orang di desa Serai dan 13 orang di desa Songan dengan komposisi 35,5% laki-laki dan 64,5% perempuan. Pada penelitian ini sarkopenia pada perempuan adalah 51% dan laki-laki 49%, sedangkan frailty dialami 58,9% perempuan dan 41,02% laki-laki. Rerata usia adalah 67,7 tahun. Prevalensi sarkopenia total adalah 59% dengan persentase masing-masing mulai dari yang terendah adalah desa Mangupura (30%), Songan (53,8%), Pedawe (70,9%), dan Serai (79,4%).  Prevalensi frailty keseluruhan di empat desa adalah 17% dengan persentase masing-masing  mulai dari yang terendah adalah desa Mangupura (1,4%), Serai (5,9%), Songan (22,2%) dan Pedawe (29,1%).

Kesimpulan: Prevalensi sarkopenia dan frailty paling banyak ditemukan pada lansia perempuan. Prevalensi sarkopenia paling tinggi didapatkan di desa Serai dan prevalensi frailty didapatkan paling tinggi di desa Pedawe.

Background: Subdural hematoma is a neurosurgical disorder that often occurs in the elderly with simple, relatively fast and minimally invasive surgical therapy, but has a high postoperative mortality rate due to unfavourable outcome. This study aims to evaluate factors associated with unfavourable outcome after burr hole drainage in a subdural hematoma (SDH) at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 60 respondents to determine factors influencing the outcome of patients with subdural hematoma after burr hole drainage.  The independent variables in this study included age, comorbid factors, trauma onset, GCS, hematoma thickness, and midline shift.  Dependent variables include the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), which is divided into 2 groups, favourable outcome, and unfavourable outcome. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.

Results: There were 19 respondents (31.7%) had unfavourable outcomes and 41 respondents (68.3%) had favourable outcomes.  From the bivariate analysis, significant associated risk factors were found in the onset of trauma (p=0.048), GCS (p=0.000), hematoma thickness (p = 0.000), and midline shift (p=0.000).  From the multivariate analysis, it was found that low GCS was the most dominant risk factor for the unfavourable outcome following burr hole drainage (OR=22.30; 95% CI= 2.22-223.80; p=0.008)

Conclusion: This study concludes that low GCS was the most dominant risk factor for unfavourable outcome in patients with subdural hematoma after burr hole drainage

Background: Childhood cancer is estimated to increase every year. Child cancer divided into leukemia and solid tumors. In RSCM Jakarta, the most common cancers are Acute Leukemia, Brain Tumor (10-15%), Retinoblastoma (10-12%), and other malignancies. This study aims to determine the characteristics of childhood cancer at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar in the period 2008-2017.

Method: A cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study was conducted by taking patient's medical records of leukemia and solid tumors data in children admitted to Sanglah General Hospital during 2008-2017. The parameters assessed in this study were the type of cancer in children, age, sex, or residence domicile. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 17 for Windows.

Results: The results obtained 410 pediatric cancer patients during the 2008-2017 time period, which consisted of 240 cases of leukemia (58.5%) and 170 cases of solid tumors (41.5%). Most cases were 0-5 years old (61.5%), males (50.7%), and domiciled in Bali (72.4%). Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LLA) is the most common hematologic malignancy in children, which occupies 41.0% of total cancers proportion, followed by retinoblastoma (14.0%), malignant lymphoma (9.0%), and neuroblastoma (5.0%).

Conclusion: Most cancers in children occur at the age of 0-5 years, male sex, and domicile in Bali. Besides, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LLA) is the most common hematologic malignancy in children.

 

Latar Belakang: Penyakit kanker anak diperkirakan meningkat setiap tahunnya. Kanker anak secara garis besar dibagi dua, yaitu keganasan darah (leukemia) dan tumor padat. DI RSCM Jakarta, kanker tersering yaitu Leukemia Akut, Tumor Otak (10-15%), Retinoblastoma (10-12%), dan keganasan lainnya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kanker anak di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dalam perioder 2008-2017.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif potong lintang dilakukan dengan pengambilan data rekam medis pasien leukemia dan tumor padat anak yang menjalani perawatan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode tahun 2008-2017. Parameter yang dinilai pada penelitian ini adalah jenis kanker pada anak, usia, jenis kelamin, maupun domisili tempat tinggal. Data dianalisis dengan piranti lunak SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 410 pasien kanker anak selama rentang waktu 2008-2017 dimana terdiri atas 240 kasus leukemia (58,5%) dan 170 kasus tumor padat (41.5%). Sebagian besar kasus berusia 0-5 tahun (61,5%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (50,7%), dan berdomisili di Bali (72,4%). Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) merupakan keganasan hematologi tersering pada anak dimana menempati proposi 41,0% dari total kanker, diikuti Retinoblastoma (14,0%), Limfoma maligna (9,0%), dan Neuroblastoma (5,0%).

Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar kanker pada anak terjadi pada usia 0-5 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dan domisili di Bali. Di samping itu, Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) merupakan keganasan hematologi anak tersering pada anak.

Background: Male ageing is mostly referred to as the declining of the capacity of a man due to age. Even though the physical changes cause by ageing are noticeable, there are several effects of ageing in a male that are concealed by the physical appearance, such as a lower level of testosterone. This study aims to determine the effect of lower testosterone towards the neuron, neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus.

Methods: An analytic observational study with two-group posttest-only randomized experiment with treatment was conducted among 10 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Variables assessed in this study were the number of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.

Results: The average number of neuron cells of Hippocampus was significantly lower in the treatment group compared with control (p=0.007). The significantly lower in the number of neuroglia and vasculature of Hippocampus was also found in the treatment group compared with the control group (p=0.014 and 0.004, respectively) following castration.

Conclusion: Hence, we can conclude that the castration has a significant effect in lowering the level of testosterone, number of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature in the Hippocampus of Wistar rats.

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the chronic diseases which becomes a major public health problem in Indonesia. The proportion of CKD patient that underwent hemodialysis in Indonesia and Bali in 2018 was 19,3% and 38,7%. This study aims to determine the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with CKD stage 5 who underwent regular hemodialysis at Klungkung District General Hospital in 2019. 

Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 77 samples in the hemodialysis unit of Klungkung District General Hospital by using secondary data obtained from medical records by the total sampling method. The inclusion criteria were patients with CKD stage 5, who underwent regular hemodialysis. The variables evaluated in this study were age, level of education, work status, marriage status, HD period, etiology, vascular access, HBsAg, and level of hemoglobin. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 for Windows.

Result: The proportion of patient with CKD stage 5 who underwent hemodialysis was 51 to 60 years (33.8%), male gender patients (63.6%), senior high school education (42.9%), working (59.7%), married (93.5%), the duration of year that underwent hemodialysis between 1 to 5 years (85.7%), the most common etiology is chronic pyelonephritis (32.5%), with AV Shunt as vascular access (63.6%), HBsAg test was negative (96.1%), and Hb levels > 10 g/dL (54.5%).

Conclusion: Most patients with CKD stage 5 who underwent hemodialysis at Klungkung District General Hospital are male patients, middle age, secondary education level, dominant is working and married, with the first year undergoing hemodialysis 1-5 years. The most common cause of CKD is chronic pyelonephritis in males and hypertension in females.

 

Latar Belakang: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis terbanyak yang menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Angka proporsi penderita CKD yang menjalani hemodialisis di Indonesia dan di Bali tahun 2018 adalah 19,3% dan 38,7%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil sosiodemografi dan klinis penderita CKD stadium 5 yang menjalani hemodialisis reguler di RSUD Klungkung tahun 2019.

Metode: Penelitian retrospektif potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 77 sampel di unit hemodialisis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Klungkung dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari catatan medis dengan metode total sampling. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien dengan CKD stadium 5 yang menjalani hemodialisis reguler. Variabel yang dievaluasi dalam penelitian ini adalah usia, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, status pernikahan, masa HD, etiologi, akses vaskular, HBsAg, dan kadar hemoglobin. Data dianalisis oleh SPSS versi 21 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Proporsi penderita CKD stadium 5 yang menjalani hemodialisis umumnya berada pada rentang umur 51 s/d 60 tahun (33,8%), dengan jenis kelamin penderita terbanyak laki-laki (63,6%), pendidikan SMA (42,9%), bekerja (59,7%), menikah (93,5%), durasi tahun menjalani hemodialisis antara 1 s/d 5 tahun (85,7%), etiologi yang umum ditemui adalah pielonefritis kronis (32,5%), dengan akses vaskular AV Shunt (63,6%), tes HbsAg umumnya negatif (96,1%), dan kadar Hb > 10 gram/dL (54,5%).

Simpulan: Sebagian besar penderita CKD stadium 5 yang menjalani hemodialisis di RSUD Klungkung adalah penderita laki – laki, umur pertengahan, tingkat pendidikan menengah, dominan sudah bekerja dan sudah menikah, dengan tahun pertama menjalani hemodialisis 1-5 tahun. Penyebab paling umum dari CKD adalah pielonefritis kronis pada pria dan hipertensi pada wanita.

Background: Delirium is common, occurs in 20% to 79% of hospitalized older patients. It has been associated with increased health care costs, long-term cognition deficits, and increase mortality. Anemia has been noted as one of predisposing factors for delirium. Elderly patients with many risk factors will be vulnerable to a low level precipitating insult, whereas those without risk factors may only become delirious after a high level insult. The objective of this study was to find association between delirium status and anemia among elderly patients.

Method: cross-sectional design using analytic observational was conducted with purposive sampling. Total subject of this study was one hundred and sixteen elderly patients, taken at geriatric ward Sanglah general hospital from January to May 2016. Delirium status was screened using Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Assessment of delirium was confirmed if meet the criteria acute, fluctuating onset an inattention, plus disorganized thinking and/or changes in consciousness. Anemia was defined as level of serum hemoglobin < 10 g/dL. Statistical analysis used was chi square comparative test .

Results: One hundred and sixteen elderly patients age 60 to 95 years old with mean 72.16 + 8.179 were included. The prevalence of delirium and anemia were 28 (24.1%) and 40 (34.5%) respectively. We found significant association between delirium status and anemia (p= 0.034).

Conclusion: there was significant association between delirium status and anemia among elderly patients at geriatric ward Sanglah general hospital.

 

Pendahuluan: Delirium merupakan suatu keadaan yang sering terjadi pada 20 hingga 70% pasien geriatri yang menjalani rawat inap. Keadaan ini dihubungkan dengan peningkatan biaya kesehatan, defisit kognitif jangka panjang, serta peningkatan mortalitas. Anemia telah diketahui sebagai salah satu faktor predisposisi terjadinya delirium. Pasien geriatri dengan banyak faktor risiko akan lebih rentan terhadap jejas yang kadarnya rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara delirium dan anemia pada pasien geriatri.

Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang analitik menggunakan consecutive sampling. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 116 pasien yang berasal dari bangsal rawat inap geriatri RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada Januari hingga Mei 2016. Delirium dievaluasi menggunakan metode CAM (Confusion Assessment Method). Anemia didefenisikan sebagai kadar hemoglobin serum <10 g/dL. Analisa statistik menggunakan uji komparatif chi-square.

Hasil: Dari 116 pasien yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini, didapatkan rata-rata umur 72,16 + 8,179 dengan umur terendah 65 tahun dan tertinggi 95 tahun. Prevalensi delirium dan anemia sebesar 28 (24,1%) dan 40 (34,5%) berturut-turut. Didapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kejadian delirium dengan anemia (p= 0,034)

Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kejadian delirium dengan anemia pada pasien-pasien geriatri di bangsal rawat inap geriatri RSUP Sanglah Denpasar.

Introduction: High cholesterol levels will cause disease, one of which is cardiovascular disorders or diseases. Based on WHO data in 2012 there were 17.5 million deaths in the world due to cardiovascular disease. Coronary heart occupies the highest position at 42% where one of the most common risk factors is dyslipidemia. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of grape skin extract on plasma MDA level.

Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test only control group research design. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months with a body weight of around 200 grams and healthy, classified into 4 treatment groups and a control group with a high cholesterol diet and administration of different dosages of grape skin extract, dose of 100 mg/175 gbw (gram body weight), 250 mg/175 gbw, and 500 mg/175 gbw. All blood samples were taken on day 30 and an MDA test was performed. Kruskal Wallis test was performed to analyze the correlation.

Results: The test results obtained with p<0.05 in the group of rats given grape skin extract at a dose of 100 mg/175 gbw, 250 mg/175 gbw, and 500 mg/175 gbw, thus showing significantly lower MDA levels compared with control group.

Conclusion: Administration of grape skin extract to rats given a high cholesterol diet may reduce plasma MDA levels.

 

Latar belakang: Kolesterol yang tinggi di dalam darah akan mengakibatkan berbagai masalah kesehatan, salah satunya adalah gangguan atau penyakit kardiovaskular. Data tahun 2012 terdapat 17,5 juta kematian di dunia karena masalah kardiovaskular. Jantung koroner menduduki posisi tertinggi yaitu 42% dimana salah satu faktor risiko terseringnya adalah dislipidemia. Mengetahui dampak pemberian kulit buah anggur terhadap MDA plasma tikus adalah sasaran penelitian ini.

Metode: Sebuah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan metode post-test only diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Tiga puluh tikus wistar jantan, umur 2-3 bulan, berat rerata 200 gram, dan sehat, dikelompokkan ke dalam 1 kelompok kontrol serta 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan diet tinggi kolesterol dan pemberian dosis ekstrak kulit anggur yang berbeda-beda, yaitu dosis 100 mg/175 gbb, 250 mg/175 gbb dan 500 mg/175 gbb. Pada akhir penelitian, yaitu hari ke- 30, semua sampel diambil darahnya kemudian dilakukan uji MDA.

Hasil: Uji penelitian dengan Kruskal Wallis memperoleh hasil p=0,035 (p<0,05) pada kelompok tikus yang diberikan ekstrak kulit anggur dengan dosis 100 mg/175 gbb, 250 mg/175 gbb dan 500 mg/175 gbb, sehingga menunjukkan kadar MDA lebih rendah signifikan dibanding dengan kontrol.

Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak kulit buah anggur memiliki dampak penurunan MDA plasma pada tikus dengan diet tinggi kolesterol.

Introduction: Good control of postalaminectomy pain is a determining factor for the success of laminectomy. Although intravenous opioids are widely used, lately fentanyl patches have begun to be considered with the same effectiveness and lower side effects. In this study, an acute comparison of hemodynamic status and side effects in low back pain patients postlaminectomy with intravenous oxycodone adjuvant therapy was compared with fentanyl patches.

Methods: This research is a prospective cohort study by taking a subject of low back pain postlaminectomy at Sanglah General Hospital. The research subjects who approved informed consent, then observed visual analogue scale differences, hemodynamic status, and side effects between groups who received intravenous oxycodone and fentanyl patches. Data were recorded, tabulated, and analyzed with SPSS 16.

Results: This study included 22 subjects who received intravenous oxycodone and fentanyl patch. From VAS 0, 30 and 60 minutes, only in the 60th minute after analgesic administration had significant differences were observed (p=0.005). In this case intravenous oxycodone was significantly better at reducing pain (0.5 vs 1.23) than fentanyl patches. From hemodynamic status, only respiration rates were found that were significantly higher in the intravenous oxycodone group (p=0.037) although not clinically significant (14.73 vs. 15.50). No side effects were found in either group.

Conclusion: There is a difference in pain in low back pain patients with the use of intravenous oxycodone with fentanyl patch, where the effect appears only after 60 minutes. There were no side effects of tightness, nausea and vomiting between the two groups.

 

Pendahuluan: Kontrol nyeri pascalaminektomi yang baik menjadi suatu faktor penentu keberhasilan laminektomi. Walaupun opioid intravena banyak digunakan,  belakangan ini fentanil patch mulai dipertimbangkan dengan efektivitas yang sama dan efek samping yang lebih rendah. Dalam penelitian ini, akan dilakukan perbandingan akut, status hemodinamik, dan efek samping pada pasien low back pain pascalaminektomi dengan pemberian terapi adjuvan oksikodon intravena dibandingkan dengan fentanil patch.

Metode: Penelitian ini berupa studi kohort prospektif dengan mengambil subjek low back pain pascalaminektomi di  RSUP Sanglah. Subjek penelitian yang telah menyetujui informed consent, kemudian diobservasi perbedaan visual analogue scale, status hemodinamik, dan efek samping antara kelompok yang menerima oksikodon intravena dan fentanil patch. Data dicatat, ditabulasi, dan dianalisis dengan SPSS 16.

Hasil: Penelitian ini mencakup masing-masing 22 subjek yang mendapatkan oksikodon intravena dan fentanil patch. Dari VAS 0,30, dan 60 menit, hanya ditunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada menit ke-60 setelah pemberian analgesik (p=0,005). Dalam hal ini oksikodon intravena secara signifikan lebih baik dalam menurunkan nyeri (0,5 vs 1,23) dibandingkan fentanil patch. Dari status hemodinamik, hanya ditemukan laju respirasi yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok oksikodon intravena (p=0,037) walaupun tidak bermakna secara klinis (14,73 vs 15,50). Tidak ditemukan efek samping pada kedua kelompok.

Simpulan: Ada perbedaan nyeri pada pasien low back pain dengan penggunaan oksikodon intravena dengan fentanil patch, dimana efeknya baru muncul setelah 60 menit. Tidak terdapat adanya efek samping sesak, mual, dan muntah antara kedua kelompok.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a disease that contributes significantly to infant morbidity and mortality, where the diagnosis is not specific to other diseases. In a state of sepsis, it is known that platelet production will increase due to the destruction of platelets so that there is a difference in platelet size or Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). This study aims to determine the relationship between MPV and clinical neonatal sepsis at Wangaya Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design with 47 patients at Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar, in June-September 2019. The inclusion criteria were neonates with suspicion of sepsis, and the exclusion criteria were neonates who received previous antibiotic therapy, neonates who had previously received blood transfusions. , neonates with severe congenital anomalies were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. The sample was divided into 2 groups: clinical sepsis and non-clinical sepsis, MPV used a limit value of 10.2 fl, and data were analyzed by SPSS version 23 for Windows.

Results Most of the patients were male (66.7%), underwent section labor (77.8%), preterm birth (66.7%), birth weight (BBL) <2,500 grams (62.9%), and asphyxia (62.9%) in the non-septic group. Meanwhile, most of the sepsis group underwent labor (85%), preterm birth (70.0%), and asphyxia (75.0%). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the MPV value and the risk of neonatal sepsis (RR: 8.16; 95% CI: 2.1-30.5; p = 0.003).

Conclusion: The results of this study concluded that there was a significant difference between the MPV value and the incidence of neonatal sepsis.

 

Latar Belakang: Sepsis neonatorum merupakan penyakit yang berkontribusi besar terhadap angka morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi dimana diagnosisnya bersifat tidak spesifik dengan penyakit lain. Pada keadaan sepsis, produksi trombosit diketahui akan meningkat akibat penghancuran trombosit sehingga adanya perbedaan ukuran trombosit atau Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara MPV dengan  klinis sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Wangaya, Bali, Indonesia.

Metode: Penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian potong lintang terhadap 47 pasien yang bertempat di RSUD Wangaya, Denpasar pada bulan Juni-September 2019. Kriteria inklusi adalah neonatus dengan kecurigaan sepsis dan kriteria ekslusi adalah neonatus yang mendapat terapi antibiotik sebelumnya, neonatus yang pernah menerima transfusi darah sebelumnya, neonatus dengan anomali kongenital berat yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu klinis sepsis dan bukan klinis sepsis, MPV menggunakan nilai batas 10,2 fl, dan data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 23 untuk Windows.

Hasil Sebagian besar pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki (66,7), menjalani persalinan seksio (77,8%), lahir preterm (66,7%), berat badan lahir (BBL) < 2.500 gram (62,9%), dan asfiksia (62,9%) pada kelompok tidak sepsis. Sedangkan pada kelompok sepsis sebagian besar menjalani persalinan seksio (85,%), lahir preterm (70,0%), dan asfiksia (75,0%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai MPV terhadap resiko terjadinya sepsis neonataroum (RR: 8,16; 95%IK: 2,1-30,5; p=0,003).

Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara nilai MPV dengan kejadian sepsis neonatarum. 

Background: Men who experience hypogonadal symptoms are increasingly experienced by a younger age. This is due to a decrease in the hormone testosterone. Efforts to increase the hormone testosterone in hypogonadal men are often made to restore sexual function, libido, muscle mass, physical strength, bone density, and feelings of pleasure. This study aims to determine the effect of giving deer placenta orally in increasing levels of the hormone testosterone in young male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Methods: The experimental study was conducted using a pretest and posttest control group design involving 18 young male Wistar rats aged 2.5-3 months with a bodyweight of 150-180 grams. Wistar rats were divided into two groups, each totaling 9 rats, one group as a control group (giving placebo for 28 days) and the treatment group (giving deer placenta orally as much as 10.5 grams per day for 28 days). The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS version 20 for Windows.

Results: The results showed that there was a significant increase in testosterone levels both before (3.018±0.282 ng/ml) and after (4.516±0.796 ng/ml) giving deer placenta orally as much as 10.5 grams for 28 days (p <0.010). However, the results of this study showed that there was no increase in testosterone levels in the control group either before or after the placebo treatment (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the administration of deer placenta orally for 28 days showed an increase in testosterone levels among young male Wistar rats.

 

Latar Belakang: Laki-laki yang mengalami gejala-gejala hipogonad semakin dialami oleh usia yang semakin muda. Hal ini dikarenakan terjadi penurunan hormone testosterone. Upaya meningkatkan hormon testosteron pada laki-laki hipogonad kerap dilakukan untuk dapat mengembalikan fungsi seksual, libido, masa otot, kekuatan fisik, densitas tulang, dan perasaan senang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian deer placenta secara oral dalam meningkatkan kadar hormon testosteron pada tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) jantan muda.

Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan dengan menggunakan pretest and posttest control group design yang melibatkan 18 ekor tikus putih Wistar jantan muda berusia 2,5-3 bulan dengan berat badan 150-180 gram. Tikus Wistar terbagi menjadi dua kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 9 ekor tikus dimana satu kelompok sebagai kelompok kontrol (pemberian plasebo selama 28 hari) dan kelompok perlakuan (pemberian deer placenta secara oral sebanyak 10,5 gram per hari selama 28 hari).  Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan kadar testostesteron secara bermakna baik sebelum (3,018±0,282 ng/ml) maupun setelah (4,516±0,796 ng/ml) pemberian deer placenta secara oral sebanyak 10,5 gram selama 28 hari (p<0,010). Akan tetapi hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat peningkatan kadar testosteron pada kelompok kontrol baik sebelum atau setelah perlakuan yang diberikan plasebo (p>0,05).

Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian deer placenta secara oral selama 28 hari menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan kadar testosteron pada tikus Wistar jantan muda.

Background: Nephrotic Syndrome is a disease whose cause is not fully known and has a high relapse rate. The lymphocyte neutrophil ratio is a marker of inflammation in patients with malignancy, infection, and coronary heart disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and the occurrence of relapse nephrotic syndrome.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach to finding the relationship between increased NLR and the incidence of relapse in patients with nephrotic syndrome at SMF Children's Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Universitas Udayana/Sanglah General Hospital. Data were taken from medical records of 45 respondents with episodes of relapse or remission from January 2018-January 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.

Results: The results showed that most of the subjects were male (71.1%), aged 1-5 years (51.2%), and aged 4.00 ± 8.50 years in both the relapse and remission groups. However, the infection rate (66.7%) and medication adherence (75.0%) tended to be higher in the relapse group. The analysis of the ROC curve shows the cut-off point of NLR was 2.36 (AUC: 0.521), with a sensitivity of 71.1% and a specificity of 73.3%. There was a significant relationship between the NLR value and the incidence of relapsed nephrotic syndrome in multivariate analysis (adjusted OR: 4.53; 95% CI: 1.68 - 12.22; p = 0.003).

Conclusion: This study shows that there is a relationship between an increase in RNL and the incidence of relapse in pediatric nephrotic syndrome patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

 

Latar belakang: Sindrom Nefrotik merupakan salah satu penyakit yang penyebabnya belum sepenuhnya diketahui dan memiliki angka relaps yang tinggi. rasio neutrofil limfosit merupakan suatu pertanda inflamasi pada pasien yang mengalami keganasan, infeksi dan penyakit jantung koroner. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit (RNL) dengan terjadinya sindrom nefrotik relaps.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektig observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang untuk mencari hubungan peningkatan RNL terhadap kejadian relaps pada pasien sindrom nefrotik di SMF Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FK UNUD/Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah. Data diambil dari rekam medik terhadap 45 responden dengan episode relaps maupun remisi dari Januari 2018-Januari 2019. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar subyek adalah laki-laki (71,1%), berusia 1-5 tahun (51,2%), maupun berusia 4,00±8,50 tahun baik pada kelompok relaps maupun remisi. Akan tetapi angka infeksi (66,7%) maupun ketidak patuhan pengobatan (75,0%) cenderung lebih tinggi pada kelompok relaps. Analisa kurva ROC menunjukkan titik potong RNL sebesar 2,36 (AUC: 0,521) dengan sensitivitas 71,1% dan spesifisitas 73,3%. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara nilai RNL dengan kejadian sindrom nefrotik relaps pada analisis multivariat (adjusted OR: 4,53; 95%IK: 1,68 – 12,22; p=0,003).

Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara peningkatan RNL terhadap kejadian relaps pada penderita sindrom nefrotik anak di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia

Background: Birth weight is the baby's first weight obtained in less than 1 hour after birth. Maternal factors such as maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy can affect the birth weight of the baby, for example, deficiency of macro substances with one of the measurements in the form of the upper arm circumference (LILA) of pregnant women and micro iron, especially iron. This study aims to analyze the relationship between LILA and consumption of iron tablets during pregnancy and birth weight of babies in the working area of Uabau Public Health Services, Malacca Regency, in 2019.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach to the medical records of 127 mothers who gave birth in the Uabau Public Health Services, Malacca Regency, in 2019, using the total sampling technique. The variables assessed in this study were LILA, consumption of iron tablets, and birth weight of the baby. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.

Results: The results showed that the mean birth weight of infants was 2,967.72±377.83 grams, followed by LILA of 23.65±2.45 cm, and consuming about 90 (10–160) tablets. The Spearman's correlation test shows that there is no significant correlation between maternal LILA (r = 0.103; p = 0.247) and the amount of iron tablet consumption (r = 0.065; p = 0.471) pregnant women to the weight of newborns in the working area of the Uabau Public Health Services, Malacca Regency in 2019.

Conclusion: Maternal LILA and the amount of iron tablet consumption during pregnancy do not show a significant relationship with the birth weight of babies in the work area of Uabau Public Health Services, Malacca Regency, in 2019.

 

Latar Belakang: Berat badan lahir adalah berat pertama bayi yang diperoleh dalam waktu kurang dari 1 jam pertama setelah lahir. Faktor maternal seperti gizi ibu sebelum dan saat hamil dapat mempengaruhi berat lahir bayi, misalnya defisiensi zat makro dengan salah satu pengukuran berupa Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) ibu hamil maupun zat mikro terutama zat besi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara LILA dan konsumsi tablet besi selama kehamilan dengan berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Uabau, Kabupaten Malaka Tahun 2019.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang terhadap rekam medis 127 ibu yang melahirkan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Uabau, Kabupaten Malaka, pada tahun 2019 menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Variabel yang dinilai pada penenlitian ini berupa LILA, konsumsi tablet besi, dan berat badan lahir bayi lahir. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 17 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata berat badan bayi lahir adalah 2.967,72±377,83 gram, diikuti dengan LILA sebesar 23,65±2,45 cm, dan mengonsumsi sekitar 90 (10–160) tablet. Uji korelasi spearman’s menunjukkan bahwa  tidak terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara LILA ibu (r=0,103; p=0,247) maupun jumlah konsumsi tablet besi (r=0,065; p=0,471) ibu hamil terhadap berat badan bayi baru lahir di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Uabau, Kabupaten Malaka Tahun 2019.

Kesimpulan: LILA ibu dan jumlah konsumsi tablet besi selama kehamilan tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna terhadap berat badan lahir bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Uabau Kabupaten Malaka Tahun 2019.

Background: Diarrhea is a public health problem, with high morbidity and the potential to cause death. A survey conducted from 2000-2010 in Indonesia shows that the incidence of diarrhea is increasing. In Denpasar, diarrhea is one of the top 10 diseases found in Puskesmas. This study aims to determine the risk factors for diarrhea in children aged 1-12 years in the working area of Puskesmas II West Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.

Methods: This study used a case-control analytical method to 86 respondents, which involved 43 children aged 1-12 years with diarrhea for the case and 43 children without diarrhea as a control. This research was conducted from October to December 2017, using consecutive techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.

Results: The results of this study indicate that most of the respondents aged 1-5 years (69.76%) compared to those aged> 5-12 years (30.24%). The percentage of female sex was greater both in the 1-5 years age group (37.20%) and> 5-12 years (18.60 %%) than men. The percentage of bottled water consumption was higher in the control group (79.10%) than in cases (55.80%). There was a significant relationship between diarrhea and environment and hygiene (OR = 5,247; 95% CI: 2,050-13,590; p = 0,000;), hand washing behavior (OR = 4,483; 95% CI: 1,732-12,132; p = 0.002), and food (OR = 3,529; 95% CI: 1,445-8,619; p = 0.005;). However, there was no significant relationship between diarrhea and drinking water sources (OR = 2.246; 95% CI: 0.917-5.504; p = 0.074;).

Conclusion: Environmental and hygiene variables, handwashing behavior, and food have a significant relationship with the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 1-12 years in the working area of Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.

 

Latar Belakang: Diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat, dengan angka kesakitan tinggi dan berpotensi menyebabkan kematian. Survei yang dilakukan dari tahun 2000-2010 di Indonesia terlihat kecendrungan insidens diare meningkat. Di Kota Denpasar diare masuk 10 besar penyakit yang dijumpai di Puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko diare pada anak usia 1-12 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik case-control terhadap 86 responden dimana melibatkan 43 anak berusia 1-12 tahun dengan diare untuk case dan 43 anak tidak menderita diare sebagai control. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2017 dengan menggunakan teknik konsekutif. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 1-5 tahun (69,76%) dibandingkan usia >5-12 tahun (30,24%). Jenis kelamin perempuan secara persentase lebih besar baik pada kelompok usia 1-5 tahun (37,20%) dan >5-12 tahun (18,60%%) dibandingkan laki-laki. Persentase konsumsi air kemasan lebih tinggi pada kelompok kontrol (79,10%) dibandingkan kasus (55,80%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara diare dengan lingkungan dan higienitas (OR=5,247; 95% IK: 2,050-13,590; p=0,000;), perilaku mencuci tangan (OR=4,483; 95% IK: 1,732-12,132; p=0,002), serta makanan (OR=3,529; 95% IK: 1,445-8,619; p=0,005;). Akan tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara diare dengan sumber air minum (OR = 2,246; 95% IK: 0,917-5,504; p = 0,074;).

Kesimpulan: Variabel lingkungan dan higienitas, perilaku mencuci tangan, maupun makanan memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 1-12 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.

Latar Belakang: Sekitar 2-4% anak berumur 6 bulan hingga 5 tahun mengalami kejang demam dengan puncak insiden pada usia 18 bulan. Begitu pula halnya anemia, anak usia 6 hingga 30 bulan memiliki kadar hemoglobin terendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kadar hemoglobin dengan kejang demam.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional) dilakukan di Ruang Kaswari RSUD Wangaya pada Bulan Agustus 2019. Pasien anak usia 6 bulan hingga 5 tahun dengan demam >38^oC dengan kejang atau tanpa kejang yang dirawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dimasukan ke dalam sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis bivariate dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square.

Hasil: Dari 46 sampel yang didapat 20 pasien (43%) merupakan kejang demam, dan 26 pasien (57%) demam tanpa kejang. Pada kedua kelompok memiliki proporsi jumlah sampel laki-laki yang tidak jauh berbeda 60% dan 69% begitu pula dengan sampel perempuan. Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah kelompok usia 1-2 tahun yang mendominasi sekitar 37% dari sampel. Sebagian besar infeksi yang mendasari adalah infeksi saluran napas yaitu sekitar 35%. Hasil dari analisis uji Chi-square didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin dan kejang demam (p<0,05).

Simpulan: Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar hemoglobin yang rendah dengan kejang demam. Penelitian dengan rancangan prospektif perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan kadar hemoglobin sebagai faktor resiko kejang demam.

Background: The rapid development of information and communication technology provides an alternative in disseminating knowledge, especially accessing information in the field of education. Increasing access to information through social media can develop cognitive power in student groups, such as through discussion learning methods based on Small Group Discuccion (SGD) at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.

Aim: To evaluate the attitude of students batch 2016 Medical Faculty and Doctor Professional Study Program (PSSKPD) Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University towards the role of social media as an alternative to online SGD

Method: This study was an observational study using a cross sectional descriptive design of the batch 2016 PSSKPD students of the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University in the period August-November 2019.

Result and Conclusion: The most commonly used social media by PSSKPD students batch 2016 at the Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University in carrying out SGD was social media LINE (83.5%). The description related to knowledge about the role and benefits of social media is 84.4%. The description of students' attitude towards social media-based SGD has a high positive value of 97.9%. The description of students' attitudes towards the amount of information obtained through SGD based on social media namely 89.6% agreed and 20.8% strongly agreed. The role of social media as an alternative to SGD online greatly helps students learn. understanding the topic of discussion as well as interacting, arguing, and add insights.

 

 

Latar Belakang: Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang sangat pesat memberikan alternatif dalam menyebarluaskan ilmu pengetahuan terutama mengakses informasi dalam bidang pendidikan. Peningkatan akses informasi melalui media sosial dapat mengembangan daya kognitif pada kelompok pelajar, seperti melalui metode pembelajaran diskusi berbasis Small Group Discuccion (SGD) di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui sikap mahasiswa Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter (PSSKPD) angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana terhadap peran media sosial sebagai alternatif SGD secara online

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang menggunakan rancangan deskriptif cross sectional terhadap mahasiswa PSSKPD angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana periode Agustus-November 2019.

Hasil dan Simpulan: Media sosial yang paling sering digunakan oleh mahasiswa PSSKPD angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana dalam melaksanakan SGD adalah media sosial LINE (83,5%). Gambaran terkait pengetahuan mengenai peran dan manfaat media sosial adalah sebesar 84,4%. Gambaran sikap pernyataan mahasiswa terhadap SGD berbasis media sosial memiliki nilai positif yang tinggi sebesar 97,9%. Gambaran sikap mahasiswa terhadap besarnya informasi yang didapatkan melalui SGD berbasis media sosial yakni 89,6% menyatakan setuju dan 20,8% sangat setuju. Peran media sosial sebagai alternatif SGD online sangat membantu mahasiswa belajar. memahami topik diskusi serta, berinteraksi, berargumentasi, serta saling menambah wawasan.

 

Background: Traumatic cataract is a cataract that occurs as a result of injury to the eye which can be a sharp or blunt trauma that is seen after a few days or several years. This traumatic cataract can occur acute, subacute, or residual symptoms of eye trauma, often due to an injury caused by a foreign object that hits the lens or blunt trauma to the eyeball. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of traumatic cataract sufferers which included the characteristics of age, sex, and occupation at the Sanglah Central Hospital in Denpasar, Bali.

Method: This study was descriptive with a cross-sectional study design. This research is retrospective and uses secondary data obtained from medical records.

Result: Results of the study with cross sectional descriptive test showed that 58.3% of cases occurred in the male sex and 41.7% in women. The age ranges from 5 years to 69 years with an average sample age of 38.25 + 2.6 years. The occupations that dominated were students and farmers with a percentage of 25% each, followed by housewives with a percentage of 16.7%.

Conclusion: In this study traumatic cataracts were found to be more common in male rice, with an average age of 38 years and occupations as students and farmers. Based on clinical characteristics, the eyes most affected by traumatic cataracts are the left eye and the most common cause is blunt trauma.

 

 

Latar Belakang: Katarak traumatika merupakan katarak yang terjadi sebagai akibat cedera pada mata yang dapat merupakan trauma tajam ataupun tumpul yang terlihat sesudah beberapa hari ataupun beberapa tahun. Katarak traumatika ini dapat terjadi akut, subakut, atau pun gejala sisa dari trauma mata, sering terjadi karena adanya cedera yang disebabkan oleh benda asing yang mengenai lensa atau trauma tumpul pada bola mata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil penderita katarak traumatika yang meliputi karakteristik usia, jenis kelamin, dan pekerjaan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Kota Denpasar, Bali.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional). Penelitian ini bersifat retrospektif  dan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan uji deskriptif cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa 58,3% kasus terjadi pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dan 41,7% pada perempuan. Usia berkisar dari 5 tahun hingga 69 tahun dengan usia sampel rata-rata 38,25 + 2,6 tahun. Pekerjaan yang mendominasi adalah siswa dan petani dengan persentase masing-masing 25%, diikuti oleh ibu rumah tangga dengan persentase 16,7%.

Simpulan: Pada studi ini ditemukan katarak traumatika lebih sering terjadi padi laki-laki, dengan rata-rata usia 38 tahun dan pekerjaan sebagai pelajar dan petani. Berdasarkan karakteristik klinis, mata yang paling banyak terkena katarak traumatika adalah mata kiri dan penyebab tersering adalah trauma tumpul.

Introduction: Myopia is a state of vision in which light fall in front of retina that causes blurred appearance of distant objects. The prevalence of myopia in Indonesia reaches 25% in adults and 10-12% in children.

Method: This study aimed to identify the relationship of gadget usage behavior and myopia on sixth grade of elementary school children in Denpasar. This study was conducted by analytical method with cross-sectional design. Gadget usage behavior included position, visibility, and duration of gadget usage which were measured by questionnaire. Myopia was measured by snellen chart.  Samples of this study were 100 sixth grade children of Saraswati 2 Elementary School in Denpasar which were selected by simple random sampling technique.

Result: Results of this study showed that there was no relationship between position of gadget usage and myopia (p value=0.059).  There was a relationship between eye to gadget distance and myopia (p value=0.000).  Duration of gadget usage per day was not related to myopia with (p value=0.490).

Conclusion: The results of this study are useful for early prevention to children about risk factors of the gadget usage behavior towards myopia.  Researchers suggest to other researchers to examine using other research methods and besides examining factors related to myopia such as genes, light intensity, and outdoor or indoor activities.

 

 

Latar Belakang: Miopia merupakan keadaan penglihatan dimana cahaya jatuh di depan retina yang menyebabkan objek jauh terlihat kabur. Prevalensi miopia di Indonesia mencapai 25% pada orang dewasa dan 10-12% pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menguraikan hubungan perilaku penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia pada anak sekolah dasar kelas 6 di Denpasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analitik menggunakan desain potong-lintang. Perilaku penggunaan gadget meliputi posisi, jarak pandang, dan durasi penggunaan gadget dinilai dengan menggunkan kuisioner. Status miopia sendiri diukur menggunakan snellen chart. Sampel penelitian adalah 100 orang anak kelas 6 di SD Saraswati 2 Denpasar yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara posisi penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia dengan nilai p=0,059. Terdapat hubungan antara jarak pandang penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia dengan nilai p=0,000. Durasi penggunaan gadget perhari tidak berhubungan terhadap miopia dengan nilai p=0,490.

Simpulan: Hasil dari penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk melakukan pencegahan sejak dini kepada anak-anak tentang faktor risiko dari perilaku penggunaan gadget terhadap miopia. Peneliti menyarankan agar penelitian selanjutnya dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian lain serta meneliti pula faktor yang berhubungan dengan miopia seperti gen, intensitas cahaya, aktivitas luar ruangan dan dalam ruangan.

Background: Sectio caesarea is a method of labor in which a fetus with a capability to live (along with placenta and amniotic membrane) transabdominally via uterine incision. Caesarean section is usually done whether there is any medical indication and a final choice for difficulty on laboring.

Aim: The study aims to know the indications of caesarean section that is done in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar in 2018. 

Method: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted using total sampling method. About 205 pregnant ladies had undergone caesarean section among a total of 914 patients who were in labour in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar in 2018, and around 157 of them have underlying medical indication that they couldn’t perform normal labour.

Result and Conclusion: The rupture membrane was the most frequent indication (18,7%), previous scar (13,9%), PEB (8,3%).

 

 

Latar Belakang: Seksio sesarea merupakan melahirkan janin yang sudah mampu hidup (beserta plasenta dan selaput ketuban) secara transabdominal melalui insisi uterus). Seksio sesarea pada umumnya dilakukan apabila terdapat indikasi medis sebagai tindakan akhir dalam mengakhiri kesulitan persalinan.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui indikasi seksio sesarea dari total persalinan di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada tahun 2018.

Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Sebanyak 205 wanita hamil menjalani persalinan seksio sesarea dari total persalian sebanyak 914 kejadian persalinan di RSUP Sanglah, dan 157 di antaranya memiliki indikasi medis sehingga persalinan normal tidak memungkinkan.

Hasil dan Simpulan: Ruptur membran atau pecahnya ketuban merupakan indikasi yang paling sering muncul (18,7%), lalu disusul oleh riwayat operasi sesar sebelumnya atau previous scar (13,9%), PEB (8,3%),

Introduction: The cumulative rate of AIDS in pregnant women in the world is reported to increase dramatically, giving the consequent increase in morbidity and mortality from mothers and children. The purpose of this study is to provide a descriptive picture of pregnant women with HIV in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar during the period January 2014 to December 2017.

Methods: This study used a descriptive retrospective design in the population of pregnant women with HIV in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar during the period January 2014 to December 2017.

Results: During the study period a total of 218 cases of mothers with HIV were obtained in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar, with the majority characteristics being 20-29 years (56.80%), with the most dominant parity being 1 (48.16%), multipartner husband risk factors (56.43), housewife occupation (63.76%), origin of the area found in Jebmbrana Regency (20.64%), referral origin of Jembrana Regional Hospital (24.31%), age >28 weeks of pregnancy (47.70%), duration of antiretroviral therapy ≥6 months (55.51%), clinical stage I (79.35%), birth method of caesarean section (70.22%), birth weight of children >2500 grams (82.58% ), experienced mild anemia (Hb 9.5 to 10.9 g/dL) (84.12%), an undetectable viral load (66.7%), and a CD4 count of 200-500 / mm3 (49.08%) .

Conclusion: HIV prevalence in pregnant women which has an increasing trend in Bali requires more attention from all lines, not only from health workers, but government involvement and public education are needed to prevent new cases of pregnant women with HIV infection.

 

 

Pendahuluan: Angka kumulatif AIDS pada wanita di dunia dilaporkan meningkat secara dramatis, memberikan konsekuensi peningkatan akan morbiditas dan mortalitas dari ibu dan anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan gambaran deskriptif pada ibu hamil dengan HIV di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar selama periode Januari 2014 hingga Desember 2017.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan retrosepktif deskriptif pada populasi ibu hamil dengan HIV di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar selama periode Januari 2014 hingga Desember 2017.

Hasil: Selama periode studi didapatkan total 218 kasus ibu dengan HIV di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, dengan karakteristik mayoritas berupa 20-29 tahun (56,80%), dengan paritas paling dominan adalah para 1 (48,16%), faktor risiko suami multipartner (56,43), pekerjaan ibu rumah tangga (63,76%), asal daerah ditemukan Kabupaten Jebmbrana (20,64%), asal rujukan RSUD Jembrana (24,31%), usia >28 minggu kehamilan (47,70%), lama terapi ARV ≥6 bulan (55,51%), stadium klinis I (79,35%), metode kelahiran seksio caesaria (SC) (70,22%), berat lahir anak >2500 gram (82,58%), mengalami anemia ringan (Hb 9,5- 10,9 g/dL) (84,12%), viral load tidak terdeteksi (66,7%), dan hitung CD4 200-500 /mm³ (49,08%).

Simpulan: Prevalensi HIV pada ibu hamil yang memiliki tren semakin meningkat di Bali membutuhkan perhatian lebih dari segala lini, tidak hanya dari tenaga kesehatan, namun keterlibatan pemerintah serta edukasi masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan untuk mencegah timbulnya kasus baru ibu hamil dengan infeksi HIV.

Introduction: Preterm labor is one of the major problem and challenge in the obstetric field, since it is associated with high mortality and morbidity in newborn. Preterm delivery around 39.6% was thought to be caused by infection. One of the most common causes of preterm labor is Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). This study aims to determine the role of UTI in pregnancy as a risk factor for preterm labor.

Method: This study is a case control study conducted from February 2019 to November 2019. This study involved 52 women (26 case group and 26 control group) with gestational ages over 20 weeks and under 37 weeks, where in case group with signs and symptoms of threatened of preterm delivery and in control group with no signs and symptoms of threatened of preterm delivery. The research sample is maternal peripheral blood for evaluation of Haemoglobin and mid stream urine for evaluation of Bacteriuria and Urine Culture - Resistance Test. 

Result: In this study, there were no differences in the value of characteristics of maternal age, gestasional age, and gravidity between the two groups (p> 0.05). Pregnancy with UTI (asymptomatic bacteriuria) increased the risk of preterm labor by 13 times compared to pregnancies without UTI (OR = 13.24; 95% CI = 1.53-114.30; p = 0.005 ).

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that a pregnancy with a UTI has a 13 times higher risk of experiencing preterm labor when compared to a pregnancy without a UTI.

 

 

Pendahuluan: Persalinan preterm adalah salah satu masalah dan tantangan dalam bidang obstetrik, terkait dengan tingginya mortalitas dan morbiditas pada bayi yang dilahirkan. Persalinan preterm sekitar 39,6% disebabkan oleh infeksi. Salah satu penyebab yang paling umum adalah Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan ISK dalam kehamilan sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya persalinan preterm.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi kasus kontrol yang dilakukan dari Februari 2019 hingga November 2019. Penelitian ini melibatkan 52 wanita (26 kelompok kasus dan 26 kelompok kontrol) dengan usia kehamilan lebih dari 20 minggu dan di bawah 37 minggu, di mana dalam kelompok kasus dengan adanya tanda dan gejala ancaman persalinan preterm dan dalam kelompok kontrol tanpa adanya tanda dan gejala ancaman persalinan preterm. Sampel penelitian adalah darah tepi ibu untuk keperluan menilai kadar Hemoglobin dan urin aliran tengah untuk keperluan evaluasi adanya Bakteriuria dan selanjutnya untuk Kultur Urin – Uji Resistensi.

Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna dalam karakteristik usia ibu, usia kehamilan, dan graviditas antara kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Diketahui bahwa kehamilan dengan ISK (bakteriuria asimptomatik) meningkatkan risiko persalinan preterm sebesar 13 kali dibandingkan dengan kehamilan tanpa ISK (OR = 13,24; IK 95%= 1,53-114,30; p = 0,005).

Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa kehamilan dengan ISK memiliki risiko 13 kali lebih tinggi mengalami persalinan preterm bila dibandingkan dengan kehamilan tanpa ISK.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome in infants aged less than 28 days that arises from a systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) by various infectious causes. Both Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) levels are known to play an important role in worsening neonatal sepsis. This study aims to determine the relationship between MPV ratio to platelet count and IL-6 as an early predictor of death in neonatal sepsis at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2020 at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, involving 54 pediatric patients diagnosed with neonatal sepsis for less than 28 days. The research samples were collected consecutively. Statistical analysis is the survival analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, linear regression, and Fisher exact test using SPSS software version 20 for Windows.

Results: Most of the respondents had an average age of 3.46 ± 7,065 days, followed by male gender (72.22%), SNAD type of sepsis (88.89%), birth weight 2,126.6 ± 794.1 grams, normal birth weight (38.89%), and premature birth (61.11%). The mean MPV level in all subjects was 7.11 ± 1.85 fL, followed by a platelet count (218.511 ± 121.085) cells / µL, MPV / PLT ratio (5.404 ± 5.351), IL-6 levels (215.32 ± 444, 48 pg / mL), and as much as 12.95% died within 28 days of treatment. The results of the survival analysis showed a significant relationship between the MPV value (Cut-off: 6.745 (AUC: 0.650: HR: 4.353; p = 0.033) and the MPV / PLT ratio (Cut-off: 3.73; AUC: 0.690; HR: 4.535; p = 0.033) as an early predictor of mortality in neonatal sepsis at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Conclusion: MPV / PLT and MPV ratios can be used as predictors of early mortality within 28 days in patients with clinical neonatal sepsis at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

 

Latar Belakang: Sepsis neonatal adalah sindrom klinis pada bayi berumur kurang dari 28 hari yang timbul akibat respon inflamasi sistemik (SIRS) oleh berbagai penyebab infeksi. Kadar Interleukin-6 (IL-6) maupun Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) diketahui berperan penting terhadap perburukan pada sepsis neonatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  hubungan rasio MPV terhadap hitung trombosit maupun IL-6 sebagai prediktor awal kematian pada sepsis neonatal di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia.

Metode: Penelitian Kohort prospektif observasional dilakukan sejak November 2019 sampai Februari 2020 di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dengan melibatkan 54 pasien anak yang terdiagnosis sepsis neonatal kurang dari 28 hari. Sampel penelitian dikumpulkan secara konsekutif. Analsis statistik yaitu dengan analisis kesintasan, kurva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), regresi linier, dan tes Fisher exact menggunakan piranti lunak SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows..

Hasil: Sebagian besar responden rata-rata berusia 3.46±7.065 hari, diikuti dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki (72,22%), jenis sepsis tipe SNAD (88,89%), berat lahir 2.126,6±794,1 gram, berat badan lahir normal (38,89%), dan lahir prematur (61,11%). Rerata kada MPV pada seluruh subjek adalah 7,11±1,85 fL, diikuti dengan hitung trombosit (218.511±121.085) sel/µL, rasio MPV/PLT (5,404±5,351), kadar IL-6 (215,32±444,48 pg/mL), dan sebanyak 12,95% meninggal dalam 28 hari perawatan.  Hasil analisis kesintasan menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara nilai MPV (Cut-off: 6,745 (AUC: 0,650: HR: 4,353; p=0,033) dan rasio MPV/PLT (Cut-off: 3,73; AUC: 0,690; HR: 4,535; p=0,033) sebagai prediktor awal kematian pada sepsis neonatal di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia.

Kesimpulan: Rasio MPV/PLT dan MPV dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor awal kematian dalam 28 hari pada pasien dengan klinis sepsis neonatal di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia

Introduction: Anemia is a clinical condition associated with many causes. Anemia is not a disease, it is a syndrome and generally described as a decreased of red blood cell mass and hemoglobin below the normal level. Based on WHO's criteria, someone can be diagnosed with anemia if their hemoglobin level falls below 130 g/L for men and below 120 g/L for women. Based on a survey made by WHO, about one from every four people in the world suffered from anemia.

Aim: The study aims to evaluate the patient arrival pattern to the Hematological Policlinic in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. 

Method: This is analytic observational research of the anemic patient who came to the Hematological Policlinic in Sanglah General Hospital from April 2015-April 2017.

Result: The highest proportion of anemic patient who came to Hematologic Policlinic in Sanglah General Hospital based on age classification are the age group of 15-59 while based on sexes the percentage of the anemic male patient is 44.2%, and the anemic female is 55.8% while 2.9% of that female is currently pregnant.

Conclusion: From the causative point of view, the anemic patient in Hematologic Policlinic in Sanglah General Hospital from April 2015 to April 2017 mostly diagnosed with unspecified type while 58.7% of the anemic patient come without another health issues and the other 41.3% have had underlying or accompanying diseases.

Introduction: Anemia merupakan suatu kondisi klinis yang diasosiasikan dengan banyak penyebab. Anemia bukan merupakan suatu penyakit melainkan suatu syndrome dan pada umumnya didefinisikan sebagai penurunan sel darah merah dan hemoglobin di bawah nilai normal. Berdasarkan kriteria WHO, seseorang dapat didiagnosis Anemia jika hemoglobinnya berada di bawah 130 g/L untuk laki-laki dan di bawah 120 g/L untuk perempuan. Berdasarkan survey yang dibuat oleh WHO, anemia diderita oleh satu dari empat orang di dunia.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kunjungan pasien ke Poliklinik Hematologi RSUP Sangah Denpasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian observasional pada pasien anemia yang datang ke poliklinik hematologi RSUP Sanglah dari April 2015-April 2017.

Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat dikonklusikan bahwa proporsi tertinggi pasien anemia yang datang ke Poliklinik Hematologi RSUP Sanglah paling banyak adalah dari kelompok umur 15-19 tahun. Sementara itu, berdasarkan kelompok jenis kelamin ditemukan bahwa presentasi pasien anemia perempuan adalah 55,8% dengan 2,9% dari pasien tersebut sedang dalam keadaan hamil sementara pasien anemia laki-laki adalah 44,2%.

Simpulan: Dilihat dari penyebabnya pasien anemia yang datang ke Poliklinik Hematologi RSUP Sanglah dari April 2015-April 2017 paling banyak didiagnosis dengan tipe tidak terspesifikasi dengan 58,7% pasien anemia datang tanpa disertai penyakit lain dan 41,3% datang dengan penyakit penyerta.

Lower back pain (NPB) is a major cause of disability affecting work and general welfare of workers

Aim: The study aims to determine the long sitting relationship to the lower back pain of miogenik and factors related to the weaving fabric in the village of Sidemen so that the results of the study can be used as a confirmatory study.

Method: This study uses cross-sectional analytic design with the research sample are all respondents with low back pain complaints as appropriate with the inclusion criteria. The sample was chosen by purposive sampling technique with minimum number is 76 samples.

Result: The results of the study showed that the largest number of samples were based on female gender groups 85.5% (65 people), age 25-50 years 75.0% (57 people), tenure> 10 years 90.8% (69 people), BMI not at risk (≤29.9) of 63.2% (48 people), for sporting habits 1 time a week 94.7% (72 people), based on Pain Disability Index (PDI) disrupted with PDI 0-35 score of 96 , 1% (73 people), based on sitting time> 4 hours of 81.6% (62 people), and for lower back pain complaints no NPB of 64.5% (49 people).

Conclusion: Exact Fisher test results obtained p 0.011 which indicates that Ho is rejected which means there is a relationship between the sitting time to lower back pain miogenik on artisans of woven fabrics in the village of Sidemen. PR (prevalence ratio) was found to be 5,871 which means woven craftsman who sat> 4 hours 5,871 times more risky to experience lower back pain than sitting <4 hours.

 

Nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) tersebut merupakan penyebab utama kecacatan yang mempengaruhi pekerjaan dan kesejahteraan umum pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional analitik dengan sampel penelitian adalah semua responden dengan keluhan nyeri punggung bawah memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah minimal adalah 76 sampel.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan lama duduk terhadap nyeri punggung bawah miogenik dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada pengerajin kain tenun di Desa Sidemen sehingga hasil penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai studi konfirmatif..

Metode: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah sampel terbanyak berdasarkan kelompok jenis kelamin perempuan 85,5% (65 orang), usia 25-50 tahun 75,0% (57 orang), masa kerja >10 tahun 90,8% (69 orang), IMT yang tidak beresiko (≤29,9) sebesar 63,2% (48 orang), untuk kebiasaan olahraga 1 kali dalam seminggu 94,7% (72 orang), berdasarkan Pain Disability Index (PDI) terganggu dengan skor PDI 0-35 sebesar 96,1% (73 orang), berdasarkan lama duduk >4 jam sebesar 81,6% (62 orang), dan untuk keluhan nyeri punggung bawah tidak NPB sebesar 64,5% (49 orang).

Simpulan Hasil uji Exact Fisher memperoleh p 0,011 yang menandakan bahwa Ho ditolak yang artinya terdapat hubungan antara lama duduk terhadap nyeri punggung bawah miogenik pada pengerajin kain tenun di Desa Sidemen. PR (prevalensi rasio) didapatkan 5,871 yang artinya pengerajin kain tenun yang duduk >4 jam 5,871 kali lebih berisiko untuk mengalami nyeri punggung bawah dibandingkan yang duduk <4 jam.

Background: Depression is general mental disorder which is based on the change of mood, loss of interest and fun and the drop energy. Depression can attack everyone including students.

Aim: This research aimed to find out prevalence of depression in medical students semester III and V in Medical Faculty of University of Udayana.

Methods: The type of research was cross-sectional descriptive research with 87 samples obtained using simple random sampling technique. This research used primary data which was obtained from questionnaire and analyzed using computer.

Results: The result of the research showed that from 87 respondents, 19.54% had mild depression, 10.34% had moderate depression, and 5.75% had severe depression. Subjects in the age of ≤19 years old and >19 years old mostly had mild depression. Women were more often having depression than men. The number of subjects who had moderate learning pattern with mild depression was 17.6%, and subjects who had hard learning pattern with mild depression was 20.7%.

Conclusion: This research concludes that dominant depression level is mild depression. 

 

Latar belakang: Depresi adalah gangguan mental umum yang ditnjukkan dengan perubahan suasana hati, kehilangan minat atau kesenangan, dan penurunan energi. Depresi dapat menyerang siapa saja termasuk mahasiswa.

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi depresi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter semester III dan V di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 87 orang mahasiswa semester III dan V Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan komputer.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 87 responden didapatkan 19.54% mengalami depresi ringan, 10.34% mengalami depresi sedang, dan 5.75% mengalami depresi berat. Subyek dengan usia ≤19 tahun dan >19 tahun mayoritas mengalami depresi ringan. Subyek perempuan lebih banyak mengalami depresi dibandingkan laki-laki. Subyek dengan pola belajar sedang yang mengalami depresi ringan sebanyak 17,6% dan subyek dengan pola belajar berat yang mengalami depresi ringan sebanyak 20,7%.

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tingkat depresi yang dominan adalah depresi ringan.

Background: Globalization forces some people to work at night, the time that should be dedicated for rest. Many health consequences have to be faced because of the night shift work, one of which is sleep quality.

Aim: This study was performed in Denpasar City in 2017 to assess the sleep quality of night shift workers.

Methods: This study was a descriptive and observational study by using questionnaires. Population of this study was hotel security officer in Denpasar City with samples of 85 subjects.

Results: From 85 subjects investigated, 67.1% sample was categorized as poor sleep quality subjects and 32.9% was categorized as good sleep quality subjects. With total PSQI score above five as cut off, the mean was found at 7.26 and median was 7. In addition, the minimum PSQI score for this study was 2 and maximum PSQI score was 17.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that quality of sleep on night shift workers that being represented by hotel security, still belonged to poor sleep quality.

 

 

Latar belakang: Globalisasi telah memaksa sebagian orang untuk bekerja di malam hari, waktu yang sebenarnya adalah waktu untuk beristirahat. Dampak-dampak kesehatan pun bermunculan dikarenakan jadwal jaga malam ini, salah satunya adalah pada kualitas tidur.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Denpasar tahun 2017 untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas tidur pada pekerja dengan jadwal jaga malam.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pemberian kuesioner. Populasi penelitian ini adalah sekuriti hotel di Kota Denpasar dengan jumlah sampel 85 subyek.

Hasil: Dari 85 sampel yang diperiksa didapatkan 67,1% sampel dengan kualitas tidur yang buruk dan kualitas tidur yang baik sebesar 32,9% dari sampel. Dengan skor total PSQI di atas lima sebagai batasan, telah didapatkan mean sebesar 7,26 dan median sebesar tujuh. Didapatkan juga skor PSQI minimum yang ada sebesar dua dan skor maksimum sebesar 17.

Kesimpulan: Kualitas tidur pada pekerja jadwal jaga malam yang diwakilkan oleh sekuriti hotel masih tergolong buruk.

Background: Nowadays, stroke is one of the leading causes of death globally. Defects caused by a stroke such as weakness or paralysis of the body cause the patient can not undergo normal daily activities. Depression can be a factor that slows the process of recovery or rehabilitation of stroke patients and it is very important to be prevented before it gets worse.

Aim: To assess the general characteristics of post-stroke depression in Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Sanglah Hospital.

Methods: The design of this research is descriptive with cross sectional study design. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection in this study. The study was carried out in Sanglah Hospital Neurological Clinic on 2015.  

Results: From 49 respondents, majority were female (29 subjects or 77.6%) and 15 were male (22.4%). The results showed that the prevalence of depression reached 34.7%.

conclusion: Higher prevalence of depression was found in the sample group with age 56-87 (41.7%), working as a farmer (50%), with recent or non-school primary education (60%), income less than 1 million per month (52.9%), unmarried (100%), undergoing medical rehabilitation (38.9%), first episode of stroke (40%), last episode of stroke more than 180 days (38.4%) and being hospitalized more than 10 days (39.1%).

 

 

Latar belakang: Dewasa ini, stroke menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak secara global. Kecacatan yang diakibatkan oleh stroke seperti kelemahan atau kelumpuhan bagian tubuh menyebabkan pasien tidak dapat menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari dengan normal. Depresi dapat menjadi faktor yang memperlambat proses pemulihan atau rehabilitasi pasien stroke dan hal ini sangat penting untuk dicegah sebelum menjadi lebih parah.

Tujuan: Untuk meneliti gambaran umum depresi pasca stroke di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Sanglah.

Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional). Kuesioner Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) digunakan sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini di Poliklinik Neurologi RSUP Sanglah pada periode Maret-Agustus 2015.

Hasil: Dari 49 orang responden, didapatkan mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (29 orang atau 77,6%) dan 15 orang berjenis kelamin laki-laki (22,4%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi depresi mencapai 34,7%.

Kesimpulan: Prevalensi depresi lebih tinggi ditemukan pada kelompok sampel dengan usia 56-87 (41,7%), bekerja sebagai petani (50%), dengan pendidikan terakhir SD atau tidak sekolah (60%), pendapatan kurang dari 1 juta per bulan (52,9%), belum menikah (100%), menjalani rehabilitasi medik (38,9%), mengalami stroke pertama kali (40%), waktu serangan stroke terakhir >180 hari (38,4%) dan lama rawat inap >10 hari (39,1%).

Background: Osteosarcoma was the most common primary bone tumor, and there are only a few studies discussed the clinicopathological characteristics of Osteosarcoma.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological features of Osteosarcoma based on age, sex, type, and the location in Anatomical Pathology Laboratories Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2012 – 2016.

Method: This research was a cross sectional descriptive study which obtains data from the medical record in Anatomical Pathology laboratories Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2012 – 2016. The total sample is 44 cases by total sampling technique. The data were processed using SPSS version 20.

Result: In this study, the majority of Osteosarcoma patients were in age group 0 – 24 years as many as 30 cases (68.2%) and rarely found in the age group 49 -72 years for 2 cases (4.5%). Osteosarcoma was slightly higher in a male about 23 cases (52.3%) and 21 cases in female (47.7%).

Conclusion: the Histopathological type that mostly found was Conventional Osteosarcoma as many as 41 cases (93.2%) and the most common site of Osteosarcoma was in femur about 24 cases (52.2%).

 

Osteosarkoma merupakan tumor primer pada tulang yang paling sering ditemukan, namun tidak banyak penelitian yang hanya membahas karakteristik klinikopatologi Osteosarkoma.

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik klinikopatologi Osteosarkoma berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, tipe, dan lokasi di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada tahun 2012 – 2016.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif cross sectional yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUP Sanglah Denpasar menggunakan catatan rekam medis periode tahun 2012 -2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling, dengan total jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Penderita

Hasil: Osteosarkoma pada penelitian ini paling sering ditemukan pada kelompok usia 0 – 24 tahun sebanyak 30 kasus (68,2%) dan paling sedikit pada kelompok usia 49 – 72 tahun terdapat 2 kasus (4,5%). Jumlah kasus Osteosarkoma sedikit lebih tinggi kasusnya pada pria yaitu, sebanyak 23 kasus (52,3%) sedangkan pada wanita ditemukan sebanyak 21 kasus (47,7%).

Simpulan: Tipe histopatologi yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Conventional Osteosarcoma sebanyak 41 kasus (93,2%) dan lokasi tersering pada tulang femur sebanyak 24 kasus (52,2%).