Research Article

DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i3.871

Hubungan berat badan lahir rendah dengan asfiksia neonatorum di Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Negara

Made Dwitia Ayu Iswari

Made Dwitia Ayu Iswari
Dokter Internship, Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Negara, Jembrana, Bali. Email: dwitiai@gmail.com
Online First: December 01, 2020 | Cite this Article
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Iswari, M. 2020. Hubungan berat badan lahir rendah dengan asfiksia neonatorum di Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) Negara. Intisari Sains Medis 11(3): 1510-1514. DOI:10.15562/ism.v11i3.871


Background: low birth weight is one of the mortality causes in neonates. This condition is associated with organ immaturity including lung and inadequate surfactant in alveolus which increase the risk of asphyxia neonatorum.The aim of this study is to know the correlation between low birth weight and asphyxia neonatorum in RSU Negara.

Methods: The design of this study was observational analytic cross-sectional. Neonates, who were hospitalized in NICU and perinatology RSU Negara, Jembrana in August 2019-August 2020 were assigned by systematic random sampling. Data was collected from medical records. Then, data was analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression test to get prevalence ratio (PR). The value of p<0.05 was considered significant.

Result: As many as 150 neonates were recruited in the study. A multivariate analysis showed the prevalence of asphyxia neonatorum was significantly higher in low birth weight neonates (PR=2.331, p=0.045; IK 95% 1.018-5.338) than non-low birth weight neonates. There were no association between asphyxia neonatorum and prematurity, mode of delivery and sex of newborn.

Conclusion: low birth weight is associated with asphyxia neonatorum.

 

 

Latar Belakang: Berat badan lahir rendah merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian neonatus. Kondisi ini disertai dengan imaturitas organ tubuh termasuk paru-paru dan kurangnya surfaktan dalam alveolus sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya asfiksia neonatorum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat badan lahir rendah dan asfiksia neonatorum di RSU Negara.

Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan analitik observasional potong-lintang. Neonatus yang dirawat di Bagian NICU dan perinatologi RSU Negara, Jembrana dalam kurun waktu Agustus 2019 – Agustus 2020 yang dikumpulkan secara systematic random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis. Data kemudian dianalisis secara bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik sehingga diperoleh prevalence ratio (PR). Hubungan dikatakan signifikan apabila diperoleh nilai p< 0,05.

Hasil: penelitian ini mengikutsertakan sebanyak 150 neonatus. Berdasarkan hasil uji multivariat, prevalensi kejadian asfiksia neonatorum lebih tinggi pada neonatus dengan BBLR (PR=2,331, p=0,045; IK 95% 1,018-5,338) dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengalami BBLR. Tidak ada perbedaan kejadian asfiksia berdasarkan prematuritas, cara persalinan, dan jenis kelamin bayi.

Simpulan: berat badan lahir rendah berhubungan dengan asfiksia neonatorum

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