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Prevalensi gambaran faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe-2 di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode 2015



Abstract

Introduction: The main causes of mortality and morbidity in patients with Type-2 Diabetes Melitus (T2DM) is coronary heart disease. This study aims to describe various risk factors for coronary heart disease, modified and unmodified included among patients with T2DM in Sanglah General Hospital, within 2015.

Method: The research uses descriptive cross-sectional design with total sampling technique has been used as sampling method. Data was taken from patients’s medical record within the period of January to December 2015. It was processed using SPSS 21 and presented in a frequency distribution table and crosstabulation based on risk factors. Around 48 samples which met the criteria were included in this study.

Result: It was obtained that the prevalence of the unmodified risk factors of CHD in T2DM were male gender (87.5%) and aged ≥45 years old (95.8%). The modified factors are fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL (83.3%), body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (64.6%), random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dL (58.3%), HDL ≤45 mg/dL (41.7%), triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (22.9%), blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg (22.9%), total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL (22.9%), and LDL ≥160 mm/dL (8.3%).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that men with age ≥45 years, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, and uncontrolled random blood glucose are risk factor for CHD in T2DM in Sanglah Hospital. Therefore, monitoring of blood sugar levels and body mass index in patients with T2DM are necessary to prevent CHD.

 

Latar Belakang: Penyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas utama pada pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe-2 (DMT2) adalah penyakit jantung coroner (PJK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran berbagai faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner yang tidak dapat diubah dan dapat diubah pada penderita DMT2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah periode 2015. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif cross-sectional, dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling. Data diambil berdasarkan rekam medis pasien periode Januari – Desember 2015. Kemudian data diolah menggunakan SPSS 21, dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan crosstabulation berdasarkan faktor risiko.

Hasil: Didapatkan sebanyak 48 sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria dan dapat digunakan dalam studi ini, diperoleh prevalensi gambaran faktor risiko PJK pada DMT2 yang tidak dapat diubah adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki (87,5%) dan usia ≥45 tahun (95,8%). Faktor yang dapat diubah seperti gula darah puasa ≥126 mg/dL (83,3%), indeks masa tubuh ≥25 kg/m2 (64,6%), gula darah sewaktu ≥200 mg/dL (58,3%), HDL ≤45 mg/dL (41,7%), trigliserida ≥150 mg/dL (22,9%), tekanan darah ≥140/90 mmHg (22,9%), kolesterol total ≥200 mg/dL (22,9%), dan LDL ≥160 mm/dL (8,3%).

Conclusion: Laki-laki dengan usia ≥45 tahun, gula darah puasa, indeks masa tubuh, dan gula darah sewaktu yang tidak terkontrol merupakan faktor risiko untuk terjadinya PJK pada DMT2 di RSUP Sanglah. Sehingga diperlukan pengawasan kadar gula darah dan indeks masa tubuh pada pasien DMT2 agar tidak terjadi PJK.

Keywords: diabetes melitus tipe 2 penyakit jantung koroner faktor risiko

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How to Cite

Nandasari, N. P. W., Santhi, D. G. D. D., & Yasa, I. W. P. S. (2020). Prevalensi gambaran faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe-2 di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar periode 2015. Intisari Sains Medis, 11(2), 484–488. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v11i2.616
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Ni Putu Widya Nandasari
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Desak Gde Diah Dharma Santhi
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I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa
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