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Gambaran prediktor perforasi pada penderita apendisitis di Rumah Sakit Umum Ari Canti Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia tahun 2018



Abstract

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common acute abdomen disease. Morbidity and mortality increased when the complications occur. The most severe complication is perforation which can cause peritonitis and sepsis. So it needs to be known as early as possible to prevent deterioration. This study aims to determine the predictor factors of perforation in appendicitis.

Method: This study was retrospective cross sectional design using secondary data from medical records of appendicitis patients treated at Aricanti Hospital, Gianyar in 2018. Total samples are 96 and they were selected by consecutive technique sampling. Data about age, sex, Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), and symptoms duration of appendicitis patients were collected and analyzed using the Chi-square test.

Result: From 96 samples, 33 (34.4%) were perforated appendicitis and 63 (65.6%) were acute appendicitis. Chi-square test results showed that the predictor factors associated with perforated appendicitis were age under 10 and above 49 years (PR = 2.0; X2 = 5.474; p <0.05), male more affected than females (X2 = 8.800; p < 0.05), TLC more than 18000/mm3 (PR = 3.3; X2 = 20.862; p <0.05) and symptoms duration above 24 hours (PR = 4.1; X2 = 24.834; p<0.05 ).

Conclusion: Age, sex, TLC, and symptoms duration can be used as predictors for perforated appendicitis. These predictor factors should be evaluated in appendicitis patients to prevent the occurrence of perforation or to provide immediate treatment in cases of perforation.

 

Latar Belakang: Apendisitis akut merupakan salah satu akut abdomen yang paling sering dijumpai. Peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas terjadi bila terjadi komplikasi. Komplikasi yang terberat adalah perforasi apendiks yang dapat menyebabkan peritonitis dan sepsis. Sehingga perlu diketahui sedini mungkin untuk mencegah perburukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor prediktor perforasi pada kasus apendisitis.

Metode: Penelitian ini berdesain retrospektif cross sectional dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien apendisitis yang dirawat di RSU Aricanti Gianyar tahun 2018. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 96 yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Data mengenai usia, jenis kelamin, Total Leukosit Count (TLC), dan symptoms duration pasien apendisitis dikumpulkan dan dianalisa menggunakan uji Chi-square.

Hasil: Dari 96 sampel, sebanyak 33 (34,4%) merupakan apendisitis perforasi dan 63 (65,6%) merupakan apendisitis akut. Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukan faktor prediktor yang berhubungan dengan apendisitis perforasi adalah usia dibawah 10 dan diatas 49 tahun (PR=2,0; X2= 5,474; p<0,05), jenis kelamin laki laki (X2=8,800; p<0,05), TLC lebih dari 18000/mm3 (PR=3,3; X2=20,862; p<0,05) dan symptoms duration diatas 24 jam (PR=4,1; X2=24,834; p<0,05).

Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, TLC, dan symptoms duration dapat dijadikan faktor prediktor terjadinya apendisitis perforasi. Faktor prediktor ini sebaiknya diperhatikan untuk mencegah kejadian perforasi pada pasien apendisitis ataupun memberikan penanganan yang lebih cepat pada kasus perforasi.

Keywords: Apendisitis perforasi faktor prediktor

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How to Cite

Putra, C. B. N., & Suryana, S. N. (2020). Gambaran prediktor perforasi pada penderita apendisitis di Rumah Sakit Umum Ari Canti Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia tahun 2018. Intisari Sains Medis, 11(1), 122–128. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v11i1.575
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