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Gambaran Radiologis Sindroma Fahr pada Pasien Post Tiroidektomi : Sebuah Laporan Kasus



Abstract

Introduction: Fahr's syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by bilateral abnormal calcium deposits in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. This condition is often asymptomatic but can also cause symptoms of neurological dysfunction, movement disorders, and psychiatric symptoms. Radiological imaging, such as a CT scan, can be used to confirm the diagnosis. This case report discusses the clinical manifestations and radiological features of Fahr's syndrome in a 45-year-old female patient with a history of thyroidectomy.

Case Report: A 45-year-old woman was referred with complaints of weakness, fever, and pain in the chest, lower abdomen, right thighs, and right upper back after being exposed to hot water. The patient was found suddenly unconscious while carrying a pot of hot water. The patient has a history of enlargement of the thyroid gland, has undergone thyroid removal surgery 10 years ago, and has had epilepsy since 2 years ago. Physical examination showed low blood pressure, fever, and burns in the right chest area, right lower abdomen, right thigh, and right upper back. Neurologic examination within normal limits. A laboratory examination found leukocytosis, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia. A CT scan of the head without contrast showed multiple symmetrical calcifications in the cerebellum, caudate nucleus, thalamus, lentiform nucleus, and white and gray matter of the frontal lobes, parietal lobes, and occipital lobes.

Conclusion: Radiological examinations such as CT scans can be performed in patients with neurological symptoms and a history of total thyroidectomy to establish the diagnosis of Fahr's syndrome.

 

 

Pendahuluan: Sindrom Fahr merupakan kelainan langka yang ditandai dengan adanya deposit kalsium abnormal bilateral pada korteks serebral dan ganglia basalis. Kondisi ini seringkali tanpa gejala, namun juga dapat menyebabkan gejala disfungsi neurologis, gangguan gerakan dan gejala psikiatri. Pencitraan radiologi seperti CT scan dapat digunakan untuk menegakkan diagnosis. Laporan kasus ini membahas tentang manifestasi klinis dan gambaran radiologis sindroma Fahr pasien perempuan usia 45 tahun dengan riwayat tiroidektomi.

Laporan Kasus: Wanita berusia 45 tahun dirujuk dengan keluhan lemas, demam, nyeri pada dada, perut bawah, paha, dan punggung atas sebelah kanan setelah terkena air panas. Pasien ditemukan tiba-tiba tidak sadarkan diri ketika sedang membawa panci berisi air panas. Pasien memiliki riwayat epilepsi sejak 2 tahun yang lalu serta memiliki riwayat pembesaran kelenjar tiroid dan sudah menjalani operasi pengangkatan tiroid. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan tekanan darah rendah, demam, dan luka bakar pada daerah dada kanan, perut bawah kanan, paha kanan, dan punggung atas sebelah kanan. Pemeriksaan neurologis dalam batas normal. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium ditemukan leukositosis, hiponatremia dan hipokalemia.  Pemeriksaan CT scan kepala tanpa kontras menunjukkan kalsifikasi multiple simetris pada daerah cerebellum, nukleus kaudatus, talamus, nukleus lentiformis, dan white serta gray matters lobus frontalis, lobus parietalis, dan lobus occipitalis.

Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan radiologis seperti CT scan dapat dilakukan pada pasien dengan gejala neurologis dan riwayat total tiroidektomi untuk menegakkan diagnosis sindrom Fahr.

Keywords: Sindrom Fahr Post tiroidektomi Gambaran radiologis CT scan

References

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How to Cite

Luh Dindi Ayu Surya Kanti, & Ni Kadek Antari Darmasih. (2023). Gambaran Radiologis Sindroma Fahr pada Pasien Post Tiroidektomi : Sebuah Laporan Kasus. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(2), 825–828. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i2.1735
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Luh Dindi Ayu Surya Kanti
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ISM Journal

Ni Kadek Antari Darmasih
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ISM Journal