Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Insiden mild cognitive impairment tipe amnestik dan non-amnestik pada kelompok usia lanjut di Puskesmas Uabau



Abstract

Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a mild cognitive function disorder in the form of decreased memory function but does not interfere with daily activities. Decreased memory and impaired orientation of place and time due to MCI will increase the risk of injury in the elderly in their daily lives. Knowing the incidence of MCI earlier is very important, as finding MCI sufferers earlier can inhibit the progression and improve the quality of life of sufferers. Thus, this study aims to determine the incidence of amnestic and non-amnestic MCI in the elderly, especially in the Puskesmas Uabau working area.

Methods: The research design used a cross-sectional method where data was collected by interviewing using the MMSE-Ina questionnaire. A total of 135 subjects consisting of the elderly (45-60 years) and elderly (>60 years) age group in the Puskesmas Uabau working area were included in the study using consecutive random sampling—selection of the sample according to the eligibility criteria. Data analysis was carried out to determine the incidence of amnestic and non-amnestic MCI types.

Results: There was an incidence of MCI of 47.4% (64 people), which was dominated by women in the elderly group >71 years with comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, stroke), and did not have comorbid hypertension and dyslipidemia. Single realm amnestic type MCI was obtained as much as 3.1%, plural amnestic type MCI was 57.8%, plural non-amnestic type MCI was 39.1%, and no elderly group was found with single domain non-amnestic type MCI.

Conclusion: The incidence of MCI in the elderly group at the Uabau Health Center is high, so special attention is needed from an early age so as not to fall into a state of more severe cognitive impairment.

 

Latar Belakang: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) merupakan gangguan fungsi kognitif ringan berupa menurunnya fungsi memori namun tidak mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Menurunnya daya ingat serta gangguan orientasi tempat dan waktu akibat MCI akan meningkatkan risiko kejadian cedera pada kelompok usia lanjut dalam kesehariannya. Mengetahui insiden MCI sejak dini sangatlah penting, dimana ditemukannya penderita MCI sejak dini dapat menghambat progresifitas serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui insidensi dari MCI tipe amnestik dan non-amnestik pada kelompok usia lanjut, khususnya di lingkungan Puskesmas Uabau.

Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang dimana pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuisioner MMSE-Ina. Sebanyak 135 subjek yang terdiri dari kelompok usia prelansia (45-60 tahun) dan lansia (>60 tahun) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Uabau dimasukkan dalam penelitian menggunakan consecutive random sampling. Pemilihan sampel sesuai dengan kriteria eligibilitas. Analisis data dilakukan untuk mengetahui insiden MCI tipe amnestik dan non amnestik.

Hasil: Didapatkan insiden MCI sebesar 47.4% (64 orang), dimana didominasi oleh perempuan di kelompok lansia >71 tahun dengan komorbid (diabetes melitus, hiperurisemia, stroke), serta tidak memiliki komorbid hipertensi dan dislipidemia. MCI tipe amnestik ranah tunggal didapatkan sebanyak 3.1%, MCI tipe amnestik ranah jamak sebanyak 57.8%, MCI tipe non-amnestik ranah jamak sebanyak 39.1%, dan tidak ditemukan kelompok usia lanjut dengan MCI tipe non-amnestik ranah tunggal.

Kesimpulan: Insiden MCI pada kelompok usia lanjut di Puskesmas Uabau tinggi sehingga dibutuhkan perhatian khusus sejak dini agar tidak jatuh ke keadaan gangguan kognitif yang lebih berat.

Keywords: insiden kelompok usia lanjut mild cognitive impairment amnestik non-amnestik

References

  1. Laksono BA, Widyastuti K, Trisnawati SY. Profil gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien pasca stroke iskemik di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Bali, Indonesia periode 2019. Intisari Sains Medis. 2019;10(3 SE-Research Article). Available from: https://isainsmedis.id/index.php/ism/article/view/463
  2. Mayza A, Lastri D. Neurobehavior dasar dan pemeriksaannya. In: Anindita T, Wiratman W, editors. Buku Ajar Neurologi. Jakarta: Departemen neurologi fakultas kedokteran Indonesia Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo; 2022. p. 479–508.
  3. Prawiroharjo P. Pemeriksaan Skrining Fungsi Kognitif Pada Praktik Sehari-hari. In: Anindita T, Wiratman W, editors. Buku Ajar Neurologi. Jakarta: Departemen neurologi fakultas kedokteran Indonesia Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo; 2022. p. 510–25.
  4. Ramli Y. Mild Cognitive Impairment. In: Anindita T, Wiratman W, editors. Buku Ajar Neurologi. Jakarta: Departemen neurologi fakultas kedokteran Indonesia Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo; 2022. p. 545–53.
  5. Lastri DN. Demensia Vaskuler. In: Anindita T, Wiratman W, editors. Buku Ajar Neurologi. Jakarta: Departemen neurologi fakultas kedokteran Indonesia Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo; 2022. p. 558–9.
  6. Angevaare MJ, Vonk JMJ, Bertola L, Zahodne L, Watson CW-M, Boehme A, et al. Predictors of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment and Its Course in a Diverse Community-Based Population. Neurology. 2021/12/01. 2022;98(1):e15–26. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34853178
  7. Davis HS, Rockwood K. Conceptualization of mild cognitive impairment: a review. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004;19(4):313–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gps.1049
  8. Petersen RC, Stevens JC, Ganguli M, Tangalos EG, Cummings JL, DeKosky ST. Practice parameter: Early detection of dementia: Mild cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review) [RETIRED]. Neurology. 2001;56(9):1133–42. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.56.9.1133
  9. Palmer K, Bäckman L, Winblad B, Fratiglioni L. Mild Cognitive Impairment in the General Population: Occurrence and Progression to Alzheimer Disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;16(7):603–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181753a64
  10. Fisk JD, Rockwood K. Outcomes of incident mild cognitive impairment in relation to case definition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76(8):1175–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16024904
  11. Ishikawa KM, Davis J, Chen JJ, Lim E. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment by aspects of social isolation. PLoS One. 2022;17(6):e0269795–e0269795. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35700220
  12. Lestari E, Fikrani MR, Maryanti E. Hubungan mild cognitive impairment dengan hipertensi menggunakan MMSE. J Ilmu Kedokt. 2015;9(2).
  13. Khan AA, Quinn TJ, Hewitt J, Fan Y, Dawson J. Serum uric acid level and association with cognitive impairment and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Age (Dordr). 2016/01/28. 2016;38(1):16. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26820749
  14. Latourte A, Soumaré A, Bardin T, Perez-Ruiz F, Debette S, Richette P. Uric acid and incident dementia over 12 years of follow-up: a population-based cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;77(3):328–35. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210767
  15. Schretlen DJ, Inscore AB, Jinnah HA, Rao V, Gordon B, Pearlson GD. Serum uric acid and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. Neuropsychology. 2007;21(1):136–40. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.21.1.136

How to Cite

Ariani, N. P. I., & Pramaswari, A. A. A. A. (2023). Insiden mild cognitive impairment tipe amnestik dan non-amnestik pada kelompok usia lanjut di Puskesmas Uabau. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 324–328. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1670
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
0

Total
0

Share

Search Panel

Ni Putu Inna Ariani
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

Anak Agung Ayu Agung Pramaswari
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal