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Penegakkan diagnosis lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) pada anak dan multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) di rumah sakit sekunder : sebuah laporan kasus



Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can attack various organ systems with varying severity, ranging from mild to life-threatening. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) is a hyper-inflammatory state characterized by multiorgan dysfunction caused by secondary inflammation to previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. SLE and MIS-C have similar symptoms because both diseases attack various organ systems. This paper aims to provide an overview of pediatric patients who are enforced with two diagnoses, namely SLE and MIS-C.

Case presentation: A 10-year-old female patient came to the emergency room at Sanjiwani Regional General Hospital, Gianyar, with the chief complaint of fever for four days before entering the hospital. Complaints accompanied by swollen eyelids, cough, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and lymphadenopathy. Clinical manifestations were found in various organ systems based on anamnesis, physical examinations, and laboratory examinations. The patient was diagnosed with SLE based on the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria (obtained a score of 13) and MIS-C based on the MIS-C case definition criteria according to WHO.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of SLE is established based on EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria (obtained a score of 13), and the diagnosis of MIS-C is selected based on the MIS-C case definition criteria according to WHO.

 

Latar belakang: Lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) adalah penyakit autoimun kronis yang mampu menyerang berbagai sistem organ dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit yang beragam, mulai dari ringan hingga mengancam nyawa. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) adalah suatu keadaan hiperinflamasi yang ditandai dengan disfungsi multiorgan yang disebabkan oleh peradangan sekunder akibat infeksi SARS-CoV-2 sebelumnya. LES dan MIS-C memiliki kemiripan gejala karena sama-sama menyerang berbagai sistem organ. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran kasus pasien anak yang ditegakkan dengan dua diagnosis yaitu LES dan MIS-C.

Presentasi kasus: Seorang pasien perempuan, berusia 10 tahun datang ke IGD RSUD Sanjiwani, Gianyar dengan keluhan utama demam sejak 4 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Keluhan disertai kedua kelopak mata bengkak, batuk, mual, nyeri perut, diare, dan limfadenopati. Berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang didapatkan adanya manifestasi klinis pada berbagai sistem organ. Pasien didiagnosis dengan LES berdasarkan kriteria EULAR/ACR 2019 (didapatkan skor 13) dan MIS-C berdasarkan kriteria definisi kasus MIS-C menurut WHO.

Simpulan: Diagnosis LES ditegakkan berdasarkan kriteria EULAR/ACR 2019 (didapatkan skor 13) dan diagnosis MIS-C ditegakkan berdasarkan kriteria definisi kasus MIS-C menurut WHO.

Keywords: Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children diagnosis

References

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How to Cite

Kadek Enny Pradnyaswari, Anak Agung Ratna Purnama Santhi, & Romy Windiyanto. (2023). Penegakkan diagnosis lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) pada anak dan multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) di rumah sakit sekunder : sebuah laporan kasus. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1632
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Kadek Enny Pradnyaswari
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ISM Journal

Anak Agung Ratna Purnama Santhi
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ISM Journal

Romy Windiyanto
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ISM Journal