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Seorang laki-laki dewasa muda dengan multiple myeloma monoklonal gamopati lambda: sebuah laporan kasus

  • Cahyo Edi Baskoro ,
  • Ni Made Renny Anggreni Rena ,


Abstract

Introduction: Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy after non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a case prevalence in Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital for the 2013-2017 period was 4.64% with the most cases occurring in 2017 (33.3%), where 45.8% of multiple myeloma patients were in the age group of 51-60 years old. This study aims to describe a case of multiple myeloma monoclonal gammopathy lambda in a young adult male which is a very rare case.

Case Presentation: 35-year-old male patient whose laboratory and radiological findings supported a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, the right clavicle pain was the primary complaint, and radiological imaging revealed brittle bones. Furthermore, the examination of bone marrow aspiration smear, serum protein electrophoresis, routine hematology, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, clinical chemistry (such as calcium, uric acid, liver function tests, urea and creatinine), and radiological examination, such as the plain X-ray of bone) shows prominent and specific laboratory findings to confirm multiple myeloma.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of multiple myeloma was established with manifestations of bone lesions, serum protein electrophoresis and bone marrow biopsy were carried out for diagnosis based on the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) diagnostic criteria. Monitoring after administering six series of primary management of multiple myeloma in patient showed significant improvement from the results of laboratory evaluation, radiology, and bone marrow imaging.

 

Latar Belakang: Multiple myeloma adalah keganasan hematologis kedua yang paling umum setelah limfoma non-Hodgkin dengan prevalensi kasus di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah periode 2013-2017 adalah 4,64% dengan kasus terbanyak terjadi pada tahun 2017 (33,3%), dimana 45,8% pasien multiple myeloma berada pada kelompok umur 51-60 tahun. Studi ini bertujuan ini untuk mendeskripsikan kasus multiple myeloma monoklonal gamopati lambda pada seorang laki-laki dewasa muda yang merupakan kasus sangat jarang.

Presentasi Kasus: Pasien laki-laki berusia 35 tahun dengan hasil laboratorium dan radiologis mendukung diagnosis multiple myeloma, nyeri klavikula kanan adalah keluhan utama, dan pemeriksaan radiologi menunjukkan tulang rapuh. Selanjutnya pemeriksaan apusan aspirasi sumsum tulang, elektroforesis protein serum, hematologi rutin, laju endap darah, kimia klinik (seperti kalsium, asam urat, tes fungsi hati, ureum, dan kreatinin), dan pemeriksaan radiologis, seperti foto polos X- ray tulang) menunjukkan temuan laboratorium yang menonjol dan spesifik untuk mengkonfirmasi multiple myeloma.

Simpulan: Diagnosis multiple myeloma ditegakkan dengan manifestasi lesi tulang, telah dilakukan pemeriksaan elektroforesis protein serum dan biopsi sumsum tulang untuk penegakan diagnosis berdasarkan kriteria diagnostik International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG). Monitoring setelah pemberian enam seri tatalaksana primer multiple myeloma pada pasien didapatkan perbaikan yang signifikan dari hasil evaluasi laboratorium, radiologis, dan gambaran sumsum tulang.

Keywords: Dewasa muda gamopati lambda multiple myeloma

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How to Cite

Cahyo Edi Baskoro, & Rena, N. M. R. A. (2023). Seorang laki-laki dewasa muda dengan multiple myeloma monoklonal gamopati lambda: sebuah laporan kasus. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 176–182. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1581
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Cahyo Edi Baskoro
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Ni Made Renny Anggreni Rena
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ISM Journal