Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Hubungan antara ekspresi Galectin 3 dengan stadium FIGO pada karsinoma sel skuamosa serviks uteri di RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar

  • Mellinda Wijaya ,
  • Ni Wayan Winarti ,
  • I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi ,
  • Herman Saputra ,
  • Putu Erika Paskarani ,
  • I Made Muliarta ,


Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer still shows a high incidence rate in developing countries. Various factors play roles in cancer progression, including Galectin 3, which contributes to apoptosis, metastasis, immune response, molecular systems, mRNA splicing, gene expression and inflammation. This study aims to prove the association between Galectin 3 expression and FIGO stage of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital, to strengthen the evidence of Galectin 3 roles in cervical SCC prognosis.

Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. Sample size was 42. Evaluation of H-E slides was performed to assess diagnosis and FIGO. Galectin 3 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical method. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square test and prevalence risk ratio analysis using SPSS version 20.0 for Windows.

Results: The mean of patients age was 52.34±9.86 years, with the highest incidence in the sixth decade age and in the early FIGO stage (IB - IIA). About 81% of patients show positive Galectin 3 expression. The relationship between Galectin 3 expression and FIGO stage was statistically significant (p=0.016). The prevalence risk analysis showed that patients with positive Galectin 3 expression had a 1.9 times greater prevalence risk of developing an advanced stage than patients with negative expression (95% CI: 1.376 - 2.593).

Conclusion: There is an association between Galectin 3 expression and FIGO stage in cervical cancer patients at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital, in which patients with positive Galectin 3 have a greater risk of developing an advanced stage.

 

Latar Belakang : Kanker serviks uteri masih menunjukkan angka insiden tinggi di negara berkembang. Berbagai faktor berperan dalam progresi kanker, salah satunya Galectin 3, yang berkontribusi dalam proses apoptosis, metastasis, respon imun, sistem molecular, mRNA splicing, ekspresi gen dan inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan ekspresi Galectin 3 dengan stadium FIGO pasien karsinoma sel skuamosa (KSS) serviks di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, untuk memperkuat bukti peran Galectin 3 pada prognosis KSS serviks.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Besar sampel 42. Evaluasi preparat hematoxyllin-eosin dilakukan untuk menilai diagnosis dan stadium FIGO. Ekspresi Galectin 3 dinilai dengan metode imunohistokimia. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square, yang dilanjutkan dengan uji rasio risiko prevalensi menggunakan SPSS versi 20.0 untuk Windows.

Hasil: Rerata usia pasien 52,34±9,86 tahun, dengan kejadian tertinggi pada kelompok umur dekade keenam dan dengan stadium FIGO dini (IB - IIA). Sekitar 81% pasien menunjukkan ekspresi Galectin 3 positif. Hubungan antara ekspresi Galectin 3 dengan stadium FIGO ditemukan signifikan secara statistik (p=0,016). Pada analisis risiko prevalensi didapatkan pasien dengan ekspresi Galectin 3 positif memiliki risiko prevalensi 1,9 kali lebih besar menjadi stadium lanjut daripada pasien dengan ekspresi negatif (95% IK: 1,376 - 2,593).

Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara ekspresi Galectin 3 dengan stadium FIGO pada pasien KSS serviks di RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, di mana pasien dengan Galectin 3 positif memiliki risiko lebih besar menjadi stadium lanjut.

Keywords: Faktor Prognosis Galectin 3 Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Serviks Uteri Stadium FIGO

References

  1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M. Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(5):E359–E386.
  2. Paskarani P, Sriwidyani N, Kurniasari N, Tanaka T, Butar C. The Burden of Cancer in Bali: An Epidemiology Report 2017-2019. International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports. 2022;6(3):58-62.
  3. Herrington CS, Bray F, Ordi J. Tumours of the uterine cervix. In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington CS, Young RH, editors. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. Fifth. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020:172–181.
  4. de Foucher T, Bendifallah S, Ouldamer L, Bricou A, Lavoue V, Varinot J, et al. Patterns of recurrence and prognosis in locally advanced FIGO stage IB2 to IIB cervical cancer: Retrospective multicentre study from the FRANCOGYN group. European Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2019;45(4):659–65.
  5. Wang M, Yuan B, Zhou ZH, Han WW. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of cervical adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1–8.
  6. Ruvolo PP. Galectin 3 as a guardian of the tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1863(3):427-437.
  7. Guo Y, Shen R, Yu L, Zheng X, Cui R, Song Y, et al. Roles of galectin-3 in the tumor microenvironment and tumor metabolism (Review). Oncol Rep. 2020;44(5):1799-1809.
  8. Balasubramaniam SD, Balakrishnan V, Oon CE, Kaur G. Key Molecular Events in Cervical Cancer Development. Medicina (Kaunas). 2019;55(7):384.
  9. Wang L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Wu X. The Role of Galectins in Cervical Cancer Biology and Progression. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:2175927.
  10. Stiasny A, Freier CP, Kuhn C, Schulze S, Mayr D, Alexiou C, et al. The involvement of E6, p53, p16, MDM2 and Gal-3 in the clinical outcome of patients with cervical cancer. Oncol Lett. 2017;14(4):4467–4476.
  11. Li M, Feng YM, Fang SQ. Overexpression of ezrin and galectin-3 as predictors of poor prognosis of cervical cancer. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2017;50(4):e5356.
  12. Bhatla N, Berek JS, Fredes MC, Denny LA, Grenman S, Karunaratne K, et al. Revised FIGO staging for carcinoma of the cervix uteri. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2019;145(1):129–135.
  13. Saleh M, Virarkar M, Javadi S, Elsherif SB, de Castro Faria S, Bhosale P. Cervical Cancer: 2018 Revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Staging System and the Role of Imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;214(5):1182-1195.
  14. Kumar R, Mandal S, Arora P, Mala YM, Khurana N. The expression of p16 and galectin-3 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) uterine cervix. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2021;41(5):785–790.
  15. Pirog EC, Wright TC, Ronnet BM, Kurman RJ. Carcinoma and Other Tumors of the Cervix. In: Kurman RJ, Ellenson LH, Ronnet BM. Editors. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract. 7th ed. New York: Springer; 2019:315–335.
  16. Zhang S, Xu H, Zhang L, Qiao Y. Cervical cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and screening. Chinese Journal of Cancer Research. 2020;32(6):720–728.
  17. Crosbie EJ, Einstein MH, Franceschi S, Kitchener HC. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. The Lancet. 2013;382(9895):889–899.
  18. Stoler M, Bergeron C, Colgan TJ, Ferenczy AS, Herrington CS, Kim KR, et al. Squamous Cell Tumours and Precursors. In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington CS, Young RH. Editors. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs . Fourth. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.; 2014:172–81.
  19. Abou Khouzam R, Brodaczewska K, Filipiak A, Zeinelabdin NA, Buart S, Szczylik C, et al. Tumor Hypoxia Regulates Immune Escape/Invasion: Influence on Angiogenesis and Potential Impact of Hypoxic Biomarkers on Cancer Therapies. Front Immunol. 2021;11:613114.
  20. Ahmed H, Alsadek DMM. Galectin-3 as a potential target to prevent cancer metastasis. Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2015;9:113–21.
  21. Wang Y, Liu S, Tian Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Zhou X, et al. Prognostic role of galectin-3 expression in patients with solid tumors: a meta-analysis of 36 eligible studies. Cancer Cell Int. 2018;18:172.
  22. Tiraboschi C, Gentilini L, Velazquez C, Corapi E, Jaworski FM, Garcia Garcia JD, et al. Combining inhibition of galectin-3 with and before a therapeutic vaccination is critical for the prostate-tumor-free outcome. J Immunother Cancer. 2020;8(2):e001535.
  23. McDade L. Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Pathogenesis and Future Treatment Directions. Res Medica. 2015;23(1):47-57.
  24. Liu J, Cheng Y, He M, Yao S. Vascular endothelial growth factor C enhances cervical cancer cell invasiveness via upregulation of galectin-3 protein. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2014;30(6):461–465.
  25. Newlaczyl AU, Yu LG. Galectin-3--a jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Cancer Lett. 2011;313(2):123-128.
  26. Dewi IGASM, Sriwidyani NP, Ekawati NP. The role of epidermal growth factor receptor as progression factor in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Bali Medical Journal. 2021;10(1):238-242.
  27. Prabawa IPY, Bhargah A, Liwang F, Tandio DA, Tandio AL, Lestari AAW, et al. Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) as a Predictive Value of Hematological Markers in Cervical Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2019;20(3):863-868.

How to Cite

Wijaya, M., Winarti, N. W., Dewi, I. G. A. S. M., Saputra, H., Paskarani, P. E., & Muliarta, I. M. (2023). Hubungan antara ekspresi Galectin 3 dengan stadium FIGO pada karsinoma sel skuamosa serviks uteri di RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 143–148. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1551
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
0

Total
0

Share

Search Panel

Mellinda Wijaya
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

Ni Wayan Winarti
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

Herman Saputra
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

Putu Erika Paskarani
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

I Made Muliarta
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal