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Kadar interleukin-10 serum yang tinggi berkorelasi dengan indeks bakteri yang tinggi pada penderita kusta tipe multibasiler

  • Putu Ayu Dewita Ganeswari ,
  • I Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra ,
  • Luh Made Mas Rusyati ,


Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy is a contagious disease that has the potential to cause health problems, giving a psychological impact due to discrimination and stigma caused by the disabilities it causes. Leprosy, also known as Morbus Hansen (MH), is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), which has obligate intracellular. Apart from bacterial factors, the incidence of leprosy is strongly influenced by the host, immunity status, and also genetic variation. Lepromatous type (LL) leprosy is characterized by the appearance of skin lesions, high bacterial index, nerve damage, and also the production of T helper-2 cytokines, such as interleukin-4, I interleukin-5 and interleukin-10. One of the cytokines that play a role in multibacillary type leprosy is interleukin -10 (IL-10). The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between IL-10 serum with bacterial index in multibacillary type of leprosy.

Method: This study was a cross-sectional observational analytic study involving 50 subjects of multibacillary type leprosy, consist of 25 subjects who were receiving MDT therapy and 25 subjects who had completed therapy or release from treatment (RFT). Sample were taken using consecutive sampling and have fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, with age range of 18-65 years. Interleukin-10 serum levels were derived from venous blood sampling that was measured by the ELISA method.

Result: The results of this study were significant differences between IL-10 serum levels between MB type of leprosy that receiving therapy and MB type leprosy that had completed therapy with median 22,67 (12,87) dan 2,22 (5,87), p<0,001. In this study, a very strong positive correlation (Spearman Correlation r = 0.974; p <0.001) was found between serum IL-10 levels and the bacterial index.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant between IL-10 serum levels in multibacillary type leprosy patients who are receiving MDT therapy and who have completed therapy or release from treatment (RFT), and high IL-10 serum levels are correlated with a high bacterial index in patient with multibacillary type of leprosy.

 

Pendahuluan: Kusta merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang berpotensi menimbulkan masalah kesehatan, memberikan dampak psikologis akibat diskriminasi dan stigma yang disebabkan oleh karena kecacatan yang ditimbulkan. Kusta dikenal juga dengan sebutan Morbus Hansen (MH) merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), yang memiliki sifat obligat intraseluler. Selain faktor bakteri, kejadian kusta sangat dipengaruhi oleh host yaitu status imunitas, dan juga variasi genetik. Kusta tipe lepromatosa (LL) ditandai dengan munculnya lesi di kulit, indeks bakteri yang tinggi, dan adanya kerusakan saraf, serta adanya produksi berbagai sitokin  oleh T helper-2 yaitu interleukin-4, interleukin-5 dan interleukin-10. Salah satu sitokin yang berperan pada kusta tipe multibasiler adalah interleukin-10 (IL-10). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi IL-10 serum dengan indeks bakteri penderita kusta tipe multibasiler.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik observasional cross sectional yang melibatkan 50 subjek kusta tipe multibasiler, yang terdiri dari 25 subjek yang sedang mendapat terapi MDT dan 25 subjek yang telah menyelesaikan terapi atau release from treatment (RFT). Pengambilan sampel menggunakan cara consecutive sampling dan telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dengan rentang usia 18-65 tahun. Kadar IL-10 serum berasal dari pengambilan darah vena yang diperiksa dengan metode ELISA.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini terdapat perbedaan kadar IL-10 serum antara kusta tipe MB yang sedang mendapat terapi dan kusta tipe MB yang telah menyelesaikan terapi secara bermakna dengan nilai median 22,67 (12,87) dan 2,22 (5,87), p<0,001. Pada penelitian ini juga didapatkan korelasi positif sangat kuat (Spearman Correlation r = 0,974; p<0,001) antara kadar IL-10 serum dengan indeks bakteri.

Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan antara kadar IL-10 serum pada penderita kusta tipe multibasiler yang sedang mendapat terapi MDT dan yang telah menyelesaikan terapi atau release from treatment (RFT) secara bermakna, dan kadar IL-10 serum yang tinggi berkorelasi dengan indeks bakteri yang tinggi pada penderita kusta tipe multibasiler.

Keywords: kusta IL-10 serum indeks bakteri

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How to Cite

Putu Ayu Dewita Ganeswari, I Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra, & Rusyati, L. M. M. . (2022). Kadar interleukin-10 serum yang tinggi berkorelasi dengan indeks bakteri yang tinggi pada penderita kusta tipe multibasiler. Intisari Sains Medis, 13(3), 771–777. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i3.1537
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Putu Ayu Dewita Ganeswari
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I Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra
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Luh Made Mas Rusyati
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