Hubungan antara subtipe intrinsik dengan faktor risiko indeks massa tubuh pada pasien kanker payudara yang datang di Rumah Sakit Umum Ganesha selama periode 2019-2021

I Gusti Ayu Tania Dwi Cahyanti; Sony  Wijaya; Welly Hartono  Ruslim

doi:10.15562/ism.v14i1.1478

Hubungan antara subtipe intrinsik dengan faktor risiko indeks massa tubuh pada pasien kanker payudara yang datang di Rumah Sakit Umum Ganesha selama periode 2019-2021

I Gusti Ayu Tania Dwi Cahyanti ,

Sony Wijaya ,

Welly Hartono Ruslim ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1478 |
Published: 2023-03-01

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a malignancy that occurs in the breast tissue of the ductal epithelium and lobules of the breast. Indonesia, in this case, ranked first out of the four countries with the highest number of breast cancer cases, namely 58.265 new cases found and 22.692 death cases. Goldhirsch et al. found a classification of breast cancer based on the results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors using fluorescent in situ hybridization. The classification was determined genetically and molecularly, namely: luminal A, luminal B, HER2- overexpressed cancer and triple negative (basal like) cancer. Obesity which is rated using the body mass index (BMI) is one of the risk factors for some cancers, including postmenopausal breast cancer and especially estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast cancer. Rose et al stated that obesity is inversely related to pre-menopausal breast cancer, where obesity is a protective factor.

Methods: The research plan for this research is research with a cross-sectional research design which will be using purposive sampling type of non-probability sampling as the sample selection technique.

Result: There are 94 medical records of breast cancer patients who visit Rumah Sakit Umum Ganesha (Ganesha Public Hospital). The value found from the analysis that has been done between the intrinsic subtype and BMI (body mass index) risk factors is p>0.05 which means there is no correlation between the two.

Conclusion: There is no relationship between the patient’s body mass index (BMI) with intrinsic subtypes in breast cancer patients.

Latar Belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan pada jaringan payudara yang berasal dari epitel duktus maupun lobulusnya. Indonesia merupakan peringkat pertama dari empat negara yang memiliki jumlah kasus kanker payudara tertinggi yaitu sebesar 58.265 kasus baru yang ditemukan dan sebanyak 22.692 kasus mengalami kematian. Goldhirsch et al. menemukan klasifikasi kanker payudara berdasarkan hasil pewarnaan imunohistokimia (IHK) dari reseptor estrogen, progesteron, dan human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) menggunakan hibridisasi in situ fluoresen. Klasifikasi tersebut ditentukan secara genetik dan molekuler, yaitu: kanker luminal A, luminal B, HER2- yang diekspresikan secara berlebihan dan kanker triple negative (basal like). Obesitas yang dinilai melalui indeks massa tubuh (IMT) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko timbulnya beberapa kanker, termasuk pascamenopause kanker payudara dan khususnya reseptor estrogen (ER)-positif/ reseptor progesterone (PR)-positif kanker payudara. Rose et al menyebutkan bahwa obesitas berbanding terbalik dengan perimenopause kanker payudara, dimana obesitas merupakan faktor protektif.

Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling jenis purposive sampling.

Hasil: Didapatkan 94 rekam medis pasien kanker payudara yang datang di Rumah Sakit Umum Ganesha. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan antara subtipe intrinsik dengan faktor risiko indeks massa tubuh (IMT) memiliki nilai p>0.05 yang memiliki arti tidak terdapat hubungan antara keduanya.

Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pasien dengan subtipe intrinsik pada pasien kanker payudara.

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