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Asosiasi kadar natrium dengan kejang demam pada anak usia 6 bulan hingga 60 bulan di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar



Abstract

Background: Febrile seizures are one of the most common neurological disorders during childhood. Febrile seizures' prevalence is about 2% to 5%. Electrolyte disturbance, especially hyponatremia, has been thought to be one of the factors for enhanced susceptibility to febrile seizures. This study aims to know the association between hyponatremia with febrile seizures in children ages 6 months to 60 months.

Methods: An analytical observational case-control study using medical records at Wangaya Hospital during the period between January 2020-January 2022. Inclusion criteria include patients aged 6 months to 60 months diagnosed with febrile seizure and natrium serum level measured during hospitalization. Exclusion criteria include patients who got fever after vaccination, brain defect, vascular malformation, tumors and acid and base disorder during hospitalization.

Results: Among 100 subjects, 63% were males, and 37% were females. The mean natrium level in the group of febrile seizures was 136.760 ± 5.326 mEq/L, and 136.500 ± 4.362 mEq/L in the group of fever without seizures, with an Independent t-test, showed a P-value of 0.788. No significant differences were found between hyponatremia and seizures, with the Mann-Whitney test, which showed a P-value of 0.678.

Conclusion: No significant differences were found between natrium serum level and febrile seizures. The mean natrium serum level between the febrile seizures group and the fever without seizures group showed no significant differences.

 

Latar Belakang: Kejang demam merupakan salah satu kelainan neurologis yang paling sering dijumpai pada anak. Prevalensi kejang demam berkisar antara 2% hingga 5%. Ketidakseimbangan elektrolit, terutama hiponatremia, bisa menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kejang demam. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui asosiasi kadar natrium dengan kejang demam pada anak usia 6 bulan hingga 60 bulan.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan penelitian kasus kontrol, menggunakan rekam medis di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar periode Januari 2020-Januari 2022. Kriteria inklusi: anak berusia 6 bulan hingga 60 bulan dengan kejang demam, dan dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar natrium selama perawatan. Kriteria eksklusi: anak yang mengalami kejang setelah dilakukan vaksinasi, memiliki defek otak, malformasi vaskular, memiliki tumor, dan memiliki kelainan pH darah saat dilakukan pemeriksaan.

Hasil: Dari 100 subjek penelitian, 63% berjenis kelamin laki-laki, 37% perempuan. Rerata kadar natrium serum pada kelompok kejang demam sebesar 136,760 ± 5,326 mEq/L dan sebesar 136,500 ± 4,362 mEq/L pada kelompok demam tanpa kejang, dengan uji nilai P 0,788 menggunakan independent t-test. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan kejadian kejang, dengan uji nilai P sebesar 0,678 menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dan odd ratio 1,190

Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar natrium dengan kejang demam. Rerata kadar natrium baik pada kelompok kejang demam dan demam tanpa kejang menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna.

Keywords: demam hiponatremia kejang

References

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How to Cite

Christian, H., Limantara, A. ., Suryawan, W. B., & Suarca, I. K. (2023). Asosiasi kadar natrium dengan kejang demam pada anak usia 6 bulan hingga 60 bulan di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(1), 197–200. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i1.1469
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Han's Christian
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Ancelia Limantara
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Wayan Bikin Suryawan
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I Kadek Suarca
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