Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer

Serial kasus pneumonia neonatal dengan kemungkinan transmisi vertikal SARS-CoV-2 pada masa kehamilan



Abstract

Background: The vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pregnant women to fetuses during pregnancy is still under debate. However, the incidence of COVID-19 in neonates born to mothers with SARS-Cov-2 infection is increasing. Several case reports suspect that the possibility of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can occur vertically through the placenta. Most neonates with COVID-19 infection experience mild illness, but some develop severe symptoms.

Case Report: We report two cases of neonates with Neonatal Pneumonia born to mothers with COVID-19 infection. The first case is a baby born to a mother infected with COVID-19 with placenta previa totalis. The baby was born with severe asphyxia. The second case was a baby born to a mother infected with COVID-19 with premature membrane rupture. The baby experiences respiratory distress after four days of age. An RT-PCR swab examination was performed in both cases, and the results were positive. After intensive care, both babies were discharged in stable condition.

Conclusion: The vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is still under debate. Examinations other than nasopharyngeal RT-PCR swabs such as peripheral blood examinations for mother and baby, placenta, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid are needed to support vertical transmission. In this case report, we could only perform the Nasopharyngeal RT-PCR swab test due to various limitations.

 

Latar Belakang: Transmisi vertical SARS-CoV-2 dari ibu hamil ke janin selama masa kehamilan masih dalam perdebatan. Namun Angka kejadian COVID-19 pada neonatus yang lahir dari ibu dengan infeksi SARS-Cov-2 tersebut kian meningkat. Beberapa laporan kasus mencurigai bahwa kemungkinan transmisi dari SARS-CoV-2 dapat terjadi secara vertikal melalui plasenta. Sebagian besar neonatus dengan infeksi COVID-19 ini mengalami gejala ringan, namun beberapa berkembang menjadi berat. 

Laporan Kasus: Pada laporan ini, kami melaporkan dua kasus neonatus dengan pneumonia neonatal yang lahir dari ibu dengan infeksi COVID-19. Kasus pertama merupakan bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi COVID-19 dengan plasenta previa totalis, bayi lahir dengan asfiksia berat. Kasus kedua merupakan bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi COVID-19 dengan ketuban pecah dini (KPD), bayi mengalami distress napas setelah usia 4 hari. Pada kedua kasus ini dilakukan pemeriksaan swab RT-PCR dan mendapatkan hasil positif. Setelah dilakukan perawatan intensif, kedua bayi dipulangkan dengan kondisi stabil. 

Kesimpulan: Transmisi vertikal SARS-CoV-2 masih dalam perdebatan. Pemeriksaan selain swab RT-PCR nasofaring seperti pemeriksaan darah perifer pada ibu dan bayi, plasenta, tali pusat, darah tali pusat, cairanan amnion dibutuhkan untuk menunjang adanya suatu transmisi vertikal. Pada laporan kasus ini kami hanya dapat melakukan tes swab RT-PCR nasofaring dikarenakan keterbatasan pemeriksaan.

 

Keywords: Covid-19 Neonatus Pneumonia SARS-Cov-2 Transmisi vertikal

References

  1. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun. 2020/02/26. 2020;109:102433. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32113704
  2. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-edia-briefing-on-COVID-19---11- march-2020
  3. Kotlyar AM, Grechukhina O, Chen A, Popkhadze S, Grimshaw A, Tal O, et al. Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020/07/31. 2021;224(1):35-53.e3. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32739398
  4. Shaiba LA, Hadid A, Altirkawi KA, Bakheet HM, Alherz AM, Hussain SA, et al. Case Report: Neonatal Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Two Cases From Saudi Arabia. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:652857. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34055690
  5. Penfield CA, Brubaker SG, Limaye MA, Lighter J, Ratner AJ, Thomas KM, et al. Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in placental and fetal membrane samples. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020/05/08. 2020;2(3):100133. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32391518
  6. Christyani F, Padang AF. Transmisi Vertikal COVID 19 selama Kehamilan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2020;47(11):663–7.
  7. Abasse S, Essabar L, Costin T, Mahisatra V, Kaci M, Braconnier A, et al. Neonatal COVID-19 Pneumonia: Report of the First Case in a Preterm Neonate in Mayotte, an Overseas Department of France. Child (Basel, Switzerland). 2020;7(8):87. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32756337
  8. Wang S, Guo L, Chen L, Liu W, Cao Y, Zhang J, et al. A Case Report of Neonatal 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):853–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32161941
  9. Hinojosa-Velasco A, de Oca PVB-M, García-Sosa LE, Mendoza-Durán JG, Pérez-Méndez MJ, Dávila-González E, et al. A case report of newborn infant with severe COVID-19 in Mexico: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk and stool. Int J Infect Dis. 2020/08/27. 2020;100:21–4. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32860950
  10. Kim D-H. Clinical implications of coronavirus disease 2019 in neonates. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2021/02/04. 2021;64(4):157–64. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33539697
  11. Kulkarni R, Rajput U, Dawre R, Valvi C, Nagpal R, Magdum N, et al. Early-onset symptomatic neonatal COVID-19 infection with high probability of vertical transmission. Infection. 2020/08/02. 2021;49(2):339–43. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32743723

How to Cite

Dewi, I. A. S. K., & Indira, A. T. (2022). Serial kasus pneumonia neonatal dengan kemungkinan transmisi vertikal SARS-CoV-2 pada masa kehamilan. Intisari Sains Medis, 13(1), 91–95. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i1.1212
ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

HTML
81

Total
119

Share

Search Panel

Ida Ayu Sri Kusuma Dewi
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal

Ade Tsarina Indira
Google Scholar
Pubmed
ISM Journal