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Perbandingan efektivitas dan keamanan antara roxadustat dan epoetin alfa sebagai terapi anemia pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis reguler: meta analisis



Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem. Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the treatment modalities for end-stage renal disease which is commonly used. A complication that is often found in patients undergoing regular HD is anemia. Roxadustat is a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHI) which has a potential as an alternative therapy for anemia in patients undergoing regular HD. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of roxadustat and epoetin alfa as anemia management in patients undergoing regular HD.

Methods: We searched the literature sources in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, Elsevier, and Proquest databases until June 1, 2021. The search terms used were chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, dialysis, roxadustat, epoetin alfa, anemia management, incidence of side effects, randomize, and randomization. We excluded the study population with acute kidney injury/dyslipidemia/metabolic syndrome. All analyzes in this meta-analysis were performed using Review Manager version 5.3 (RevMan Cochrane, London, UK).

Result: We have found five eligible studies (2777 patients). Funnel plots and p-Egger were examined to assess publication bias. The results showed a statistically significant difference between roxadustat and epoetin alfa with respect to the mean difference of hemoglobin (Hb) (WMD: 0.31; p<0.05), hepcidin (WMD: -18.94; p<0.05), transferrin (WMD: 67.88; p<0.05), transferrin saturation (WMD: 2.78; p<0.05), iron (WMD: 5.02; p<0.05) and risk of adverse events (OR: 1.25; p<0.05) displayed on the forest plot.

Conclusion: Based on this meta-analysis, it can be concluded that anemia management with roxadustat is better than epoetin alfa in patients undergoing regular HD.

 

Latar Belakang: Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan global. Hemodialisis (HD) merupakan salah satu modalitas terapi PGK stadium akhir yang umum digunakan. Komplikasi yang sering ditemukan pada pasien yang menjalani HD reguler adalah anemia. Roxadustat adalah suatu prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHI) yang memiliki potensi sebagai alternatif terapi anemia pada pasien yang menjalani HD reguler. Tujuan dari meta-analisis ini adalah untuk membandingkan efektivitas dan keamanan antara roxadustat dan epoetin alfa sebagai manajemen anemia pada pasien yang menjalani HD reguler.

Metode: Kami mencari sumber literatur pada database PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, Elsevier, dan Proquest hingga 1 Juni 2021. Istilah pencarian yang digunakan yaitu penyakit ginjal kronis, hemodialisis, dialisis, roxadustat, epoetin alfa, manajemen anemia, kejadian efek samping, acak, dan pengacakan. Kami mengeksklusi populasi penelitian dengan cedera ginjal akut/dislipidemia/sindrom metabolik. Semua analisis dalam meta-analisis ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Review Manager versi 5.3 (RevMan Cochrane, London, UK).

Hasil: Kami menemukan lima studi yang memenuhi syarat (2777 pasien). Funnel plot dan p-Egger diperiksa untuk menilai bias publikasi. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan secara statistik antara roxadustat dan epoetin alfa terhadap perbedaan rerata dari hemoglobin (Hb) (WMD: 0,31; p<0,05), hepsidin (WMD: -18,94; p<0,05), transferin (WMD: 67,88; p<0,05), saturasi transferin (WMD: 2,78; p<0,05), zat besi (WMD: 5,02; p<0,05) dan risiko kejadian efek samping (OR: 1,25; p<0,05) yang ditampilkan pada forest plot.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan meta-analisis ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa manajemen anemia dengan roxadustat lebih baik dibandingkan dengan epoetin alfa pada pasien yang menjalani HD reguler.

Keywords: Penyakit ginjal kronis hemodialisis manajemen anemia roxadustat epoetin alfa.

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How to Cite

Karya, K. W. S., Praptika, N. L. P., Nurbudhi, N. Y. T., & Kandarini, Y. (2021). Perbandingan efektivitas dan keamanan antara roxadustat dan epoetin alfa sebagai terapi anemia pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis reguler: meta analisis. Intisari Sains Medis, 12(3), 768–776. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v12i3.1130
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Kadek Wisnu Segara Karya
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Ni Luh Parameswari Praptika
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Nyoman Yudia Trianadewi Nurbudhi
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Yenny Kandarini
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