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Nilai rasio neutrofil-limfosit sebagai prediktor kasus COVID-19 serangan berat pada pasien dewasa



Abstract

Background: The pandemic condition that has been experienced since 2020 due to Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is still a national and international problem that needs full attention with number of cases continues to grow over time. Most cases of COVID-19 are cases with mild clinical manifestation, but some of these mild cases might then worsen in a matter of days due to the widespread inflammatory process that occurs due to viral infection. The use of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) values in general has been known for its function as a biomarker of systemic inflammatory status. Therefore, this study is expected to be able to predict the incidence of severe COVID-19 in adult patients in BRSUD Tabanan, Bali.

Methods: The study was conducted using secondary data from 137 adult COVID-19 patients at BRSUD Tabanan in June – December 2020. The sampling method used was consecutive sampling of all adult patients aged 18 years who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated in the isolation room.

Results: There were 61 cases (44.5%) of severe COVID-19. Of 88 cases of COVID-19 with NLR > 3.3, 56 cases (63.6%) were classified as severe COVID-19 and of 49 cases of COVID-19 with NLR 3.3 only 5 cases (10.2%) were classified as severe COVID-19. Patients with NLR values > 3.3 were found to have 6.2 times as likely to suffer from severe COVID-19 than patients with 3.3 NLR values.

Conclusion: The NLR value as one of the easy and simple tests can be used to predict the incidence of severe COVID-19 in patients.

 

Pendahuluan: Kondisi pandemi yang telah dialami sejak tahun 2020 akibat Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) masih merupakan masalah nasional dan internasional yang perlu perhatian penuh dengan jumlah kasus yang terus bertambah seiring berjalannya waktu. Sebagian besar kasus COVID-19 merupakan kasus dengan keluhan ringan namun tidak sedikit kasus ringan tersebut kemudian dapat mengalami perburukan dalam hitungan hari akibat proses inflamasi luas yang terjadi karena infeksi virus. Penggunaan nilai rasio neutrofil-limfosit atau Neutrofil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) secara umum telah diketahui fungsinya sebagai biomarker status inflamasi sistemik. Oleh karena itu, melalui penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memprediksi kejadian COVID-19 serangan berat pada pasien dewasa di BRSUD Tabanan.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancang penelitian cross-sectional analitik menggunakan data sekunder dari 137 pasien dewasa COVID-19 di BRSUD Tabanan bulan Juni – Desember 2020. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling terhadap seluruh pasien dewasa usia ? 18 tahun yang telah terdiagnosis COVID-19 dan dirawat di ruang isolasi.

Hasil: Ditemukan sebanyak 61 kasus (44,5%) tergolong kasus COVID-19 serangan berat. Dari 88 kasus COVID-19 dengan NLR > 3,3 56 kasus (63,6%) tergolong kasus COVID-19 serangan berat dan dari 49 kasus COVID-19 dengan NLR ? 3,3 hanya 5 kasus (10,2%) tergolong kasus COVID-19 serangan berat. Pasien dengan nilai NLR > 3,3 ditemukan memiliki risiko 6,2 kali lebih besar menderita keluhan COVID-19 serangan berat dibandingkan pasien dengan nilai NLR ? 3,3.

Simpulan: Nilai NLR sebagai salah satu pemeriksaan mudah dan sederhana dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi lebih awal terjadinya COVID-19 serangan berat pada pasien.

Keywords: COVID-19 serangan berat nilai NLR pasien dewasa

References

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How to Cite

Pramana, I. G. A. A. S. P., Masyuni, P. U. S., & Surawan, I. D. P. (2021). Nilai rasio neutrofil-limfosit sebagai prediktor kasus COVID-19 serangan berat pada pasien dewasa. Intisari Sains Medis, 12(2), 530–533. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v12i2.1093
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